标签归档:西安桑拿

Basic knowledge of e-commerce: introduction of supply chain products

With the development of e-commerce, many people know that a very important competitiveness of enterprises lies in the supply chain, but what is the supply chain? Most articles on the Internet talk about some concepts, which makes it difficult for practitioners to implement them. This paper will talk about the understanding of e-commerce supply chain based on the author’s own experience, and welcome all interested parties to exchange and learn together.

Baidu Encyclopedia tells us: "Around the core enterprises, through the control of information flow, logistics and capital flow, starting from purchasing raw materials, intermediate products and final products are made, and finally the products are delivered to consumers by the sales network. It is a functional network chain model that connects suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and end users as a whole. "

Simply put, it is the process of goods from [supplier] to [seller] to [demander]. Of course, there are many roles involved in this process, and these roles are interrelated and form a complex network model. An enterprise may play multiple roles in both supplier and seller, so the chain of supply chain will be shortened. Logistics, from [supplier] to [demander]; Capital flow from [demand side] to [supply side]; Information flow, various roles pass each other.

What is a good supply chain? My understanding is: better goods (quality and price), faster transportation, better service and better cost.

Most of the articles on the internet now make you feel particularly reasonable, as mentioned above, but after reading them, I still don’t know how to apply them to my products.

The design of e-commerce supply chain, the most important thing is based on business. There are many types of e-commerce business. Here, I will talk about my own understanding only for the most common business. There are many ways to classify e-commerce business. Here, we will explain e-commerce business from the perspective of commodity source, commodity sales and warehousing and distribution.

Source of goods: self-production, self-mining, investment promotion, etc. Self-production means that goods are produced by themselves, such as herbs; Self-mining refers to purchasing goods from suppliers, such as most of the goods of Netease koala; Merchants, merchants enter the platform for sale, such as Tmall.

Commodity sale: own platform, third-party platform, wholesale, etc. Own platform, refers to the development of their own platform to sell goods, such as Gegejia; Third-party platforms refer to opening stores for sale on third-party platforms, such as Tmall and JD.COM; Wholesale, the downstream of this business does not actually reach the consumer, and it may reach the consumer through other sellers many times, so it is listed separately, such as dolphin supply chain.

Warehouse delivery: Do you build your own warehouse and deliver the goods yourself?

Of course, most companies include the above businesses, such as Netease koala, and the sources of goods include self-mining and merchants’ settlement; Commodity sales include self-owned platforms and third-party platforms; Warehouse delivery, including self-built warehouses and cooperative warehouses, is the responsibility of third-party companies.

Let’s assume that the e-commerce business is as follows

Source of goods: self-mining;

Commodity sales: own platform;

Warehouse delivery: self-built warehouse, third-party company delivery.

Then the positive process of e-commerce supply chain products is roughly as follows:

  1. The supplier is the supplier, and the goods are originally in the supplier’s place;
  2. Enterprise system (ERP) establishes purchase orders through purchase plans, and collects goods from suppliers into its own warehouses;
  3. The warehouse system (WMS) manages the inventory of goods in the warehouse system through transport documents/receipt documents, associated purchase orders, or other warehousing methods;
  4. After the enterprise system (ERP) obtains the commodity information and inventory information, it transmits the commodity information to consumers through its own platform for commodity sales.
  5. After receiving the order information, the order system (OMS) processes the order (customer review, financial review, warehouse selection, opening and closing, etc.) and monitors the order. After the order is processed, push the order information to the corresponding warehouse; (The most direct experience of users to e-commerce enterprises is logistics, so the processing and monitoring of orders directly affect the user experience, including the "full link of orders" proposed by Tmall, which aims to improve the user experience here)
  6. After receiving the order information, WMS performs operations such as billing, sorting, inspection and delivery, and delivers the order to a third-party courier company for distribution.
  7. Goods reach consumers through express delivery.

There are several systems involved here. Let me explain the terms first:

  • ERPEnterprise Resource Planning, which mainly refers to the internal systems of the company, including procurement management, commodity management, marketing management, CRM, after-sales work order management, financial management, employee management, etc.
  • WMS: Warehouse Management System, which mainly refers to the system used inside the warehouse, including the management of warehousing, warehouse distribution and delivery (billing, picking, inspection, delivery, etc.).
  • OMS: Order Management System, which mainly refers to the operation and monitoring of orders, such as customer orders, financial review, warehouse selection, opening and closing orders, etc. Monitor and deal with all kinds of timeliness and anomalies of orders. OMS is also a part of ERP system conceptually. Because it is particularly important in the supply chain system, it is listed separately here.

Another common type of e-commerce business

Source of goods: merchants settle in;

Commodity sales: own platform;

Warehouse delivery: there is no self-built warehouse, and the third party company delivers the goods.

Then the positive process of e-commerce supply chain products is roughly as follows:

  1. As the supplier, the settled merchants initially have the goods there;
  2. The settled merchants release commodity information and manage commodity inventory through the merchant background system;
  3. Enterprise system (ERP) examines the commodity information of merchants, and manages and sells the commodities of merchants;
  4. After receiving the order information, the order system (OMS) processes the order (such as customer review, financial review, merchant selection, order splitting and order merging) and monitors the order. After the order is processed, push the order information to the corresponding merchant;
  5. The settled merchants get the order information through the merchant background system, and operate and deliver the order;
  6. Goods reach consumers.

An excellent e-commerce supply chain not only means that we can get good goods (quality and price) offline, but also requires the close and efficient cooperation of all the roles on the chain (suppliers, sellers, warehouses, etc.) and various online systems (ERP, OMS, WMS, TMS, merchant systems) in order to achieve faster distribution, better service and better cost. This should be the core of e-commerce enterprises.

E-commerce supply chain system is a complicated system. Today is the first day of 2017. Let’s write a big framework first, and strive to improve each part step by step this year. Welcome interested friends to communicate!

 

Author: nonsense, micro-signal: wangboforeversmile

This article was originally published by @ nonsense. Everyone is a product manager. Reprinting is prohibited without permission.

According to the micro-survey, 20% of more than 600 primary school students said that "they can only break up with their mobile phones for one day at most"

The child is staring at the mobile phone screen. Photo by reporter Jin Siliu

  At the beginning of school, Ms. Li, who lives in Jiangxia, Wuhan, "panicked". "The balance of the bank card is insufficient. When I checked the consumption flow, the 12,000 yuan in the card was all recharged by the children playing games to buy props."

  Ms. Li’s child is a "online game fan" this year. During the summer vacation, children play online games to kill time and buy equipment in the online game mall through WeChat coin purse. Ms. Li knows nothing about this.

  How do primary school students deal with APP in their leisure time? In the past few days, the reporter launched the "APP survey commonly used by primary school students in Wuhan" online and offline. As of 18: 00 on August 31, more than 600 valid questionnaires were collected, including 431 online surveys and 175 offline surveys. Statistics show that chatting, short videos and game apps have won a lot of "juvenile hearts".

  Nearly 60% of primary school students have exclusive mobile phones or iPad.

  According to this survey, 58.7% of primary school students have their own smart phones or iPads, and mobile phones or iPads have become "playmates" and "study companions" for many primary school students. 60.09% parents have time restrictions on their children’s use of electronic products such as mobile phones, 36.66% parents only allow their children to study, and only 3.25% parents have no restrictions on electronic products and can use them at any time.

  It is noteworthy that in this survey, 56.15% of primary school students said that they used their mobile phones or iPads for less than one hour every day, 35.5% used their mobile phones or iPads for 1-3 hours, 6.03% used their mobile phones or iPads for 3-5 hours, and 2.32% used their mobile phones or iPads for more than 5 hours every day. Experts generally recommend that children use electronic products for no more than one hour every day.

  Some primary school students said frankly.

  "You can only break up with your mobile phone for one day at most."

  In the survey "How long do you think you can live without your smartphone or iPad at most", 20.42% choose a day, 33.41% choose a week, 23.2% choose a month and 22.97% choose a year or more.

  "You can only break up with your mobile phone for one day at most!" A 10-year-old boy named "Mark" told reporters that he has his own iPad. Besides online classes, he also downloaded many commonly used apps and online games, such as WeChat, homework help, Tik Tok, Snake and Cool Dog Music. Parents stipulate that you should not use the iPad for more than one hour every day, but it is not strictly enforced on weekends and summer vacations. After a summer vacation, he felt that his eyesight had declined, but he was afraid to tell his parents.

  China Children’s Development Report (2019) released by China Children’s Center and Social Science Literature Publishing House on August 2019)— — Children’s life outside school shows that children spend an average of 43.24 minutes using electronic products every day on school days. It takes longer to use electronic products on weekends, with an average of 96.27 minutes.

  Excessive use of electronic products is not conducive to children’s physical and mental health. A survey shows that the longer children use electronic products, the lower their social skills and anti-frustration scores, and the higher their myopia.

  Chat, short video, game APP

  Won the "juvenile heart"

  In the "APP you use most often" option survey, 63.11% of the respondents checked "APP related to learning", accounting for the highest proportion. Followed by social apps such as QQ and WeChat, accounting for 61.72%; Short video apps such as Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker accounted for 37.82%, game apps such as the glory of the king accounted for 24.13%, and other apps accounted for 15.31%.

  Children put learning-related apps in the first place when filling out the questionnaire, but when the reporter actually investigated and visited, it was found that the latter three types of apps were the most interesting and used by children: social, short videos and games. China Child Development Report (2019)— — The Situation of Children’s Life Outside School also shows that children’s liking for watching Tik Tok, cartoons and Aauto Quicker for entertainment (4.19 points), playing online games and chatting online (4.00 points) has reached or even exceeded 4 points (out of 5 points).

  More than 30% of respondents occasionally brush short videos.

  Regarding "Do you pay attention to Tik Tok, Aauto Quicker, Volcano, bilibili and other short video apps", 47.33% choose "I know but I’m not interested", 36.43% choose "I pay attention to it and brush it occasionally", 10.9% choose "I brush it often and find it very interesting" and 5.34% choose "I not only brush it, but also try to upload it myself".

  It can be seen that short video has attracted more and more attention after the rapid development in recent years. The children interviewed all know short video apps such as Tik Tok and Aauto Quicker, and the proportion of using them for 1-3 hours every day has reached 15.55%.

  "According to your observation, what types of short videos do peers around you like to brush? In a survey, pupils’ responses mainly focused on five aspects, among which "parody in life" accounted for 54.99%, "entertainment circle related to idols" accounted for 34.34%, and "game explanation tutorial" accounted for 36.19%. However, "related to learning and professional skills" accounted for 37.35%, and "related to natural and cultural landscapes" accounted for 23.2%.

  In the item "Why did you start to brush short video apps", children said that they often saw them online, accounting for 33.41%; Secondly, "curious, take the initiative to use" accounted for 29.23%, "classmates often brush" accounted for 20.88%, and "parents often brush" accounted for 16.47%.

  Zhou Lina, a teacher of ideological and political course in Chongren Road Primary School, said that there are more and more APP softwares, which are constantly updated. Many softwares are helpful for children’s learning, which stimulate students’ interest in learning through entertaining, and the game mode meets children’s curiosity. However, for teenagers and even adults, we should have self-control. Parents need to set an example in front of their children, not to let their children drift, and not to ignore communication with them. It is suggested that we can accompany our children to study and discuss together, control the use time reasonably, pay attention to scientific use of eyes and protect our eyesight. In addition, the home and school closely cooperate to check the APPs used by children. Any app that contains pornographic violence, online games, commercial advertisements and other content and links, or uses exam-oriented education to increase students’ academic burden should be uninstalled.

  Luo Hongwen, the principal of Qipanjie Primary School in Wuchang District, believes that it is obviously unrealistic for new technologies to keep pouring in and affect students’ lives and blindly block them among children. To teach children to identify and use them reasonably, teachers and parents should also guide them in ways that children are willing to accept, thus effectively improving the quality of education. (Reporter Xiang Jie governs Yang Feng)

Oral: Zhang Liangsheng, researcher of Chinese Academy of Sciences: the first postgraduate exam in 1978.

[Editor’s note]What subjects were there in the college entrance examination 60 years ago? How was the postgraduate exam conducted 40 years ago? The Paper interviewed Mr. Zhang Liangsheng, a researcher at the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and asked him to talk about two "big exams" in his life and his experiences and anecdotes in high energy physics research.

Zhang Liangsheng was born in June 1939 in Wuxi, Jiangsu. He participated in the college entrance examination in 1957 and entered the nuclear physics major of Nankai University. In 1978, he was admitted to the first postgraduate after the resumption of college entrance examination, and entered the Institute of High Energy Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he studied under Professor Zhang Wenyu, the founder of high energy experimental physics in China. Mr. Zhang Liangsheng devoted his life to the experimental research of high-energy physics in China.

Zhang Liangsheng is being interviewed.

Learn with one heart

Our family was very poor before liberation. My father was an apprentice at the age of 13 and worked as a clerk in a grocery store. Eldest brother is also about 13 years old (as an apprentice); The second brother is a little older and became an apprentice at the age of 16. After liberation, my father spent some money on a small stall, selling some soy sauce, salt and so on. He wanted to get rich.

My father asked me to inherit his career and run a small stall after I graduated from primary school. He taught me how to purchase goods, how to keep accounts and how to use abacus. I said I wouldn’t do this, but I had to go to school. Finally, my father and I reached an agreement. He said that if you were admitted to Wuxi No.1 Middle School, you would go to school. If you failed, you would work with me. No.1 Middle School is a public school, and the quality is very good. It doesn’t cost any money to get into No.1 Middle School, and there are state grants. As a result, I was admitted, and my father said, then go to school. At this time, it was just liberated, and tuition was free. Moreover, I applied for a grant after I went to school and went to high school.

I study very hard in middle school, and I like to study hard at ordinary times. I read my brother’s middle school physics book in primary school and was very interested. Once a classmate pulled a roller to repair the playground. The roller got stuck in the pit and couldn’t be pulled. He asked me what to do. I said you turned it upside down, pulled it back, and then jerked it forward and rushed over. They did it according to my method.

I took the college entrance examination in 1957, which was the most difficult one before the "Cultural Revolution". I was very stuck, and I volunteered before the exam. I’m afraid I won’t get into Tsinghua Peking University, so I’m conservative and applied for Nankai University. When I was in high school, I chose science. I took seven courses in Chinese, mathematics, foreign languages, politics, physics, chemistry and biology in the college entrance examination, and I got 96 points in physics. If I applied for Peking University, I could get into it.

In 1957, Zhang Liangsheng was photographed when he graduated from high school.

I studied nuclear physics in the physics department of Nankai University for five years. At that time, universities were all five years. Graduated in 1962, then stayed in school to tutor the basic course of nuclear physics, and then came to Lanzhou University, where he was promoted from a teaching assistant to a lecturer.

Want to go to Lanzhou to do something.

On October 16, 1964, our country exploded the first atomic bomb. At that time, the Ministry of Higher Education had planned to concentrate on two places in the north to engage in nuclear physics and radiochemistry, one was the Department of Physics of Peking University, and the other was the Department of Modern Physics of Lanzhou University, because Lanzhou was in the northwest and close to the nuclear test site. The Ministry of Higher Education intends to move some majors in nuclear physics and radiochemistry from Nankai University and Shandong University to the Department of Modern Physics of Lanzhou University.

Nankai took active action. In the summer of 1965, all the teachers, students and equipment of nuclear physics and radiochemistry were moved to Lanzhou. In order to move these equipment, the Ministry of Railways also specially prepared a special train, and the whole train was loaded with instruments and equipment.

There are about 100 students and teachers in the two classes going to Nankai. When moving, let everyone go home first, and then go to Lanzhou to concentrate, so everyone will arrive in Lanzhou early and late. I arrived in Lanzhou on August 23rd, and I was the first one to arrive in Lanzhou. At that time, I was in a state of mind, hoping to see what Lanzhou was like, hoping to do something in Lanzhou.

At that time, the whole country was preparing for war, and Lanzhou University had professional knowledge and technical conditions. The Lanzhou Military Region hoped to equip the PLA with some equipment for detecting nuclear radiation. The two sides hit it off, and we helped them to make a device called "automatic gamma ray alarm device". After the nuclear explosion, the gamma rays would whir to a certain extent, and the response was not bad. Later, a "automatic gamma ray recorder" was further developed, which was a little more advanced. It will record the intensity of gamma rays after the nuclear explosion by itself, and it has a wide range. It has four gears and will automatically shift gears as a daily monitor in the chief’s room to see if the radiation exceeds the standard. Later, these two devices won four awards at the National Science Conference in 1978, one was the Science Conference Award, the other was the Ministry of Chemical Defense, the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award, and the other was the Lanzhou Military Region Award.

The other is to participate in nuclear tests. I won’t say much about this, but I have to keep it a secret. At that time, I also went to the proving ground. The school sent two people, one was me, who was engaged in nuclear physics, and the other was engaged in radiochemistry, both of whom were from Nankai University. However, we didn’t wear radiation masks, long boots and lead clothes like others, and after finishing half a bucket of sweat, it wasn’t that bad. We just tested gamma rays in the house, which was still a certain distance from the central area of the nuclear explosion, and it wasn’t as hard as their first line.

I also went to factories and rural areas to attend classes while taking part in labor. At that time, I chose three teachers, and I was one of them. I took a class of students to Xi ‘an 262 Factory to "open a school", where I gave them technical lessons. After I came back, the factory sent people to Lanzhou and invited me to give lectures to the students of 721 University in their factory. 721 University was very common at that time, which was equivalent to an enterprise university. Because enterprises should have their own technical talents, in order to cultivate talents, they chose some workers from the factory, did not study full-time, and hired teachers from outside to respond to Chairman Mao’s "721 instruction" and learn to work, learn agriculture and learn the army.

The level of students of workers, peasants and soldiers is uneven, some don’t understand, some don’t have enough to eat, so we should take care of everyone when teaching and be relatively relaxed when graduating. Teachers are also urging teachers to learn, so I have never given up my major. Moreover, in the late period of the "Cultural Revolution", the atmosphere on campus began to love reading. There are also some old intellectual families. Although the state does not attach importance to it, there are still some wishes and practical actions for children to learn. There is a kind of person who always has a desire to pursue knowledge no matter what social environment.

I also keep a hope that one day the country will be normal, and it can’t go on like this forever. There has been no enrollment for ten years. What will the country do after that? How can we do it when everyone is illiterate? I think the normal enrollment of college entrance examination will be resumed one day.

The First Postgraduate Examination after the Cultural Revolution

At the beginning of 1978, I was taking part in a nuclear test in our country when I knew I wanted to recruit graduate students. There were many people who took part in the nuclear test that time, and everyone communicated with each other. I heard the news of recruiting graduate students, but I didn’t know it in detail. Because the national college entrance examination for undergraduates was resumed in 1977, it was not surprising at all to get the news of resuming postgraduate recruitment, which was expected.

The Admissions Office in Lanzhou is located in a school in the city. I learned that it is really necessary to recruit graduate students, and the age range has expanded to 40, and my age is also included. I am very happy and feel that I have finally had a chance after waiting for so many years. The recruitment method is basically the same, that is, the process of registration, written examination and re-examination.

I came back and prepared an inch of photos, so I went to register. When you register, you should give the photo to the Admissions Office. After that, it will be posted. I went to see it, and it has my name, so that the formal registration is successful. After I signed up, I got an admission ticket, which I still have.

Admission ticket

There is basically no time to review before the exam. On the one hand, I have to work, and on the other hand, I have two children to take care of. It is because of my physical skills in college and my interest to take the exam. After the "Cultural Revolution", the country was not ready for the first postgraduate exam, but just wanted to open it, so there was neither an exam outline nor exam materials, and they were all in a hurry.

The formal exam is also in the school where I signed up. It seems that there is only one test center in Lanzhou, and there are only twenty or thirty people in an examination room. I am one of the oldest in it. I remember that my position is next to the north wall, the penultimate row. The exam is a table for one person, which is relatively apart to prevent looking at each other. There are two or three invigilators, the admission ticket is on the table, and the invigilators should check the photos so as not to be replaced by others.

In the middle of the exam, everyone is generally more disciplined and cherish this opportunity. During the "Cultural Revolution", some people basically lost everything they studied and did something else. Even if you asked him to take the exam, he didn’t have the heart to take it. However, there are still a small number of people who haven’t left their studies for so many years and hope to resume the exam one day. These people who took the exam basically belong to this category, that is, they usually study hard and have some foundations, so it is not easy to have such an opportunity, so they didn’t cheat in the exam.

I’m not too nervous during the exam. I think I’ll do whatever I get in the exam. I want to keep my mood relaxed. At that time, I took three exams, one political course, one foreign language course and one specialized course. My specialized course was high-energy physics, and I got 95 points.

I felt very uncomfortable when I took the physics exam. I still remember the general content, saying that there was a ball, and particles were emitted from the surface of the ball, and at the same time the ball fell. I asked how long it would take for the ball to fall in a vacuum. I think the conditions of this question are confused. If particles are sprayed in one direction, just like jets or rockets, they are different from spraying in all directions. If particles are sprayed in all directions, it is necessary to know how big, how much and how fast the particles are, and the results are different. These conditions were not given, so I simplified it at that time. After the exam, I always thought that there was something wrong with this question, so I wrote a letter to Gao Neng Institute, in which I wrote my calculations and some ideas. When I went to the High Energy Institute for a second interview, I heard that this question was cancelled. They might think it was reasonable after reading my letter. This question was simply left out, so I asked where I was wrong. They checked it for me and said that I didn’t have a particularly big mistake, that is, one point was deducted. Anyway, there were some omissions. In some places, the answer was incomplete, not a big problem, and finally I got 95 points.

The political examination is mainly about current events, such as the destruction of the Gang of Four, which brought the national economy to the brink of collapse. It was mainly based on the accumulation of reading newspapers and listening to the radio at ordinary times. At that time, everyone paid close attention to some political trends and knew about general state affairs.

There are some questions in the English exam that are similar to Shakespeare’s translation, and there are no textbooks, that is, I always read some English materials, and I go to attend the English class at school, and I read some physics journals in English, so I have never abandoned them. Besides, it was not difficult to do the first exam in good conscience.

After the written test, I wasn’t sure whether I could get in. At that time, the institute of high energy recruited 20 people, but hundreds of people signed up and later told me to go to Beijing for a second interview. At this time, I was a little sure in my heart. At that time, it happened that my wife was steaming steamed buns. I grabbed two steamed buns and left with a bag of paper, because the two steamed buns were still hot and covered, and I had diarrhea after eating them.

During the interview, I was asked why I took the postgraduate exam, why I took the high-quality college exam, and what I had done before. I chose the high-energy physics major of Chinese Academy of Sciences. One reason is that after I stayed in Nankai University, I was sent to the Institute of High Energy for a period of time. After that, I hope to go to the Institute of High Energy in the future. Another reason is that after the "Cultural Revolution", Deng Xiaoping made up his mind to grasp high-energy physics, and found more than 100 high-energy physics students from all over the country, and concentrated on recruiting them to Beijing, which was unprecedented in history, because it was very difficult to enter Beijing, but later I couldn’t be directly transferred to Beijing, so I had to enter the Institute of High Energy Studies of the Chinese Academy of Sciences by examination. I just like physics and want to study it all my life.

Later, someone asked me if you would like to be a graduate student of Director Zhang Wenyu, and I said of course I would. Zhang Wenyu is the first director of the Institute of High Energy Physics, and he has done pioneering work in muon atomic physics in the world. When Li Zhengdao and Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize, the state sent him to Sweden to do their work, and Yang Zhenning also publicly stated that Zhang Wenyu was his mentor.

Shortly after the interview, I received a letter saying that you have been officially admitted as a graduate student of Professor Zhang Wenyu. I was very excited after receiving the letter. I used to hear and see it in the illustrated newspaper on the radio. Now the relationship is so close, I went to the reference room of our department to find the relevant pictures. People’s Pictorial has a picture of Mr. Zhang Wenyu. I studied it for a long time and thought about it. I was very happy at that time.

In the summer of 1981, Zhang Liangsheng and his tutor Professor Zhang Wenyu (right) took a group photo in front of the main building of High Energy Institute.

When Lanzhou University took the exam as a lecturer, five people were admitted to each applicant. On September 29th, Lanzhou University held a school committee, which was equivalent to the highest-level meeting. At the meeting, it was discussed that five people were admitted to graduate schools, and Lanzhou University, as a school, would not let people go. Finally, it was considered that this was a major national policy and agreed to let people go and study with pay.

I joined the work in 1962, and by 1978, I had been waiting for 16 years. I was 39 years old when I took the exam. This was a very rare opportunity, and I seized it. By the second year, I was stuck.

Graduate student with Mr. Zhang Wenyu

After I arrived in Beijing, I studied basic courses first. I was old and my brain was failing. It was very difficult to learn. Other students were playing outside, so I studied in the house. People came back to see me studying there after playing, always sitting, always studying.

After finishing the basic course, I did my graduation thesis. At that time, there was no high-energy accelerator in our country, so it was not necessary to do high-energy physics experiments. Mr. Zhang Wenyu suggested that I do the work of high-energy detector-multi-wire detector, which is to detect the tracks of microscopic particles invisible to the naked eye.

Professor Zhang Wenyu particularly emphasized the need to do experiments. He said that "experiments are the basis of theory and the source of knowledge". He himself published an article in People’s Daily stressing the importance of experiments. Don’t sit there all day dreaming and don’t do practical things. He particularly emphasized this point. According to Zhang Wenyu’s teaching, I started from the basic things, including how to punch holes, how to draw wires, how to glue, how to package, how to ventilate, how to measure, how to record data, and finally analyze and write papers. These are all done by myself, and the experimental results are published in High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics.

On this basis, I also quantitatively explained a new international experimental result, that is, the experimental group directed by Professor Xia Pake, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992, used the "multi-step avalanche chamber" filled with argon gas to let a high-intensity charged particle beam pass through it and make it run at a high counting rate, thus obtaining the breakdown data of the "multi-step avalanche chamber" when it was running at a high counting rate. They didn’t give a quantitative explanation for the result themselves, but only gave a qualitative explanation. I have a different view, so I established an equation for quantitative calculation. The calculation results confirmed my assumption that the decay life of the substances accumulated near the anode wire in the multi-step avalanche chamber is consistent with the metastable life of argon, which shows that the metastable state of argon plays a decisive role. After my explanation was published at home and abroad, an experimental group of Kyushu University in Japan made an experiment by experts to test whether my explanation was reasonable or that of Professor M.Atac in the United States. The experimental results supported my explanation and called it "Zhang Model".

In 1992, at CERN, Zhang Liangsheng (left) congratulated Xia Pake (right), winner of the 1992 Nobel Prize in Physics.

After the thesis defense, everyone thought that my level was higher than that of the master’s degree. An international experimental result was not explained correctly. I explained it quantitatively, but it was not appropriate to give it to my doctor directly, because our high-energy institute trained experimental high-energy physics, and I engaged in detectors, which are also in the category of high-energy physics, but there are still some differences when we talk about it carefully. The institute wanted me to continue my PhD, but my wife and I were separated, and I still had a child at that time. This situation made me stay for a few more years, which was really not good. I told the company that it was difficult to separate at home. So he graduated in 1981 and assigned work according to his master’s degree.

Dedicated to the research of high-energy physics all his life.

There have been many schemes or ideas for high-energy accelerators in China. There is a saying called "eight ups and seven downs", one of which was presided over by Premier Zhou during the Cultural Revolution. The scheme was put forward, and all the money was available, and it was ready to be done. As a result, the Gang of Four made trouble and failed to make it. It was called "eight ups and seven downs".

In 1978, Deng Xiaoping made up his mind to do it, and put forward a plan, namely the ring accelerator, which made a name for itself. After exploring the terrain in the Ming Tombs, he dismounted. The reason for dismounting this time was that the pace was too big and the national economy could not support it.

Later, Professor Li Zhengdao proposed an electron-positron collider to accelerate positrons and negative electrons respectively and focus them on one point for collision. Of course, the collision is worse than hitting a static target, and the electron itself is relatively small in mass, which is relatively easy to do. Everyone agrees to use the electron collision method. Finally, this project was completed. The state awarded a grand prize and held an award ceremony in Huairentang, Zhongnanhai. I was one of the winners in it, and the certificate was signed by Premier Li Peng at that time.

Zhang Liangsheng’s award certificate

In 1984, Professor Ding Zhaozhong came to China to recruit students to engage in high-energy physics experiments in the Mark-Jay Group in West Germany. Ten people were found in the high-energy institute and asked to review before taking the exam. Two of them did not take the exam, and only one of the remaining eight people was admitted. Later, I recruited another batch, and this time I was recruited, and I was admitted alone; Later, I took the exam twice, and two more people were admitted. Ding Zhaozhong took several of our admitted students to Beijing Hotel for an interview, which was mainly about high-energy experimental physics. He asked me about "proton decay", and I replied that according to the "grand unification" theory, "baryon number" and "lepton number" are no longer conserved quantities, so protons can decay. Only by answering this sentence, he felt satisfied. He asked his mind to be clear and not verbose. The more you talk, the more confused you are, which means that you don’t understand. Simply point out the most critical points and he will know that you know the problem. So I went to West Germany in 1985.

In 1985, Zhang Liangsheng (first from the right) took a group photo with Ding Zhaozhong (second from the right) in the MARK-J group.

At the end of 1992, I was once again sent to work in a European nuclear research center for more than a year. After I came back, I worked in a high-energy institute until I retired. After I finished my studies, I made a contribution to my country.

High-energy physics is widely used in reality, and the Internet is one of them. At CERN, there was a group mainly engaged in the transmission of high-energy data. On this basis, a concept of high-energy network was gradually developed, and this concept gradually became the Internet. With the advice and help of Professor Li Zhengdao, the Internet established by our country with foreign countries through the Institute of High Energy is also for the purpose of transmitting high-energy experimental data. With this foundation, our country has invested heavily in developing the Internet, and China has a large population, a large base and a scale effect, so the Internet has developed rapidly in China, which is still very advanced internationally. Our country’s high-energy physics is now in the international leading position in some aspects.

In retrospect, taking the first postgraduate exam after the resumption of the college entrance examination was an opportunity for me to change my fate, and it was also the only opportunity for many students after ten years of interruption of the exam during the Cultural Revolution. Ten years of "Cultural Revolution", ten years of fault, talent training was abandoned in the "Cultural Revolution". Restoring the college entrance examination made everyone feel that there was hope and a way. They could gain a sense of accomplishment through their own efforts and have their own glory in it at a certain stage. This is a good thing that benefits the country and the people, and it is a major move after the country is on the right track.

If a country wants to stand on the top of the world, it must have world-class leading talents. Everything in exam-oriented education is to cope with exams, cramming and memorizing, which stifles learning enthusiasm. We should encourage everyone to study hard, have their own opinions, give full play to their strengths, be active and creative, have a strong thirst for knowledge and interest, and don’t become an examination machine.

Ministry of Education: Intensify the propaganda, guidance and mobilization of vaccination.

  Beijing, April 3 (Xinhua) According to the website of the Ministry of Education, recently, the Ministry of Education issued a notice to deploy local education departments and universities to actively cooperate with the local vaccination work. The notice stressed that local education departments and colleges and universities should increase publicity, guidance and organization and mobilization of vaccination on the premise of compliance, knowledge, consent, voluntary and free vaccination according to law; Guide teachers and students to eliminate doubts, fulfill social responsibilities, form reasonable expectations, and improve vaccination awareness and vaccination willingness.

  The notice requires a full understanding of the importance of vaccination. Local education departments and colleges and universities should fully understand the significance of cooperating with the vaccination work in Covid-19, and deeply understand the significance of vaccination work in maintaining the safety of teachers and students, physical health and national economic and social development.

  The notice pointed out that organizational leadership should be strengthened. Local education departments and colleges and universities should, under the leadership of local Party committees and governments, incorporate vaccination into territorial management, earnestly fulfill their responsibilities, reasonably plan vaccination rhythm and vaccination progress in accordance with the requirements of the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism "Covid-19 Vaccination Overall Plan", combined with the actual situation of local schools, and cooperate with local health departments, and organize, guide and coordinate the vaccination work in Covid-19 of local schools in batches in a safe and orderly manner. Strengthen work deployment, strengthen responsibility, and compact responsibilities at different levels.

  The notice proposes to increase publicity and mobilization. Local education departments and colleges and universities should increase the publicity and guidance and organization and mobilization of vaccination on the premise of compliance, knowledge, consent, voluntary and free vaccination according to law. In various forms and through various channels, we should use easy-to-understand language to publicize the positive role of vaccines in protecting personal health and controlling epidemic situation to teachers and students in a timely manner, publicize the popular science knowledge of vaccination for precautions such as vaccination contraindications, convey scientific information on the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, guide teachers and students to eliminate doubts, fulfill social responsibilities, form reasonable expectations, and improve the awareness rate and willingness of vaccination.

  The notice stressed that we should do a good job in service guarantee. Local education departments and colleges and universities should strengthen the vaccination service guarantee, give full play to their organizational advantages, and achieve "clear base, clear information and communication" on the vaccination work of local schools, and actively cooperate with teachers and students to make vaccination appointments. In accordance with the requirements for setting up temporary inoculation points, fixed houses such as school clinics and stadiums or temporary tents are provided as temporary inoculation points to provide necessary convenience for inoculation units or medical institutions to send inoculation personnel. Strengthen cooperation with local health departments and do a good job in psychological counseling for teachers and students.

  The notice mentioned the establishment of an implementation mechanism. Local education departments and colleges and universities should guide local schools to promote the implementation of vaccination work by issuing notices, holding meetings or on-site investigations. The establishment of information reporting system, local education departments should do a good job in Covid-19 vaccination coordination and scheduling, timely statistics of local education system vaccination progress.

March towards a Powerful Agricultural Country —— Interview with Tang Renjian, Director of the Central Agricultural Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

  Interview with the minister at the end of the year and the beginning of the year. For three consecutive years, Tang Renjian, director of the Central Agricultural Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, wrote three sets of keywords to CCTV reporters at the General Station:

  2021: grain, seeds and cultivated land

  2022: Food

  2023: Agricultural Power

  What is the relationship between the three groups of keywords? Tang Renjian said,come down in one continuous lineThe internal logical relationship is very clear.

  "A strong agricultural country is programmatic and outlines. The primary task is to consolidate the foundation of food security in all directions. Seeds and cultivated land are two of them. Grasping these two keys will ensure food security. "

  Go all out to secure China’s rice bowl.

  Looking back on 2022, China’s grain production is remarkable. In the face of difficulties such as multiple outbreaks of epidemic in COVID-19, record-breaking autumn flood in the north, extreme high temperature and drought in the south and high prices of agricultural materials, the output still reached a record high, reaching 1,373.1 billion Jin, with an increase of 7.4 billion Jin. It is particularly worth mentioning that the self-sufficiency rate of soybeans has also increased by 3 percentage points. Stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products have provided basic support for stabilizing expectations, prices and the economic market.

  Food security is "the biggest in the country".

  Tang Renjian said that all countries in the world that are truly powerful and have no weaknesses have the ability to solve their own food problems. In the coming period, with the high-quality development of China’s economy and the promotion of urbanization, the demand for grain and important agricultural products will still show a rigid growth trend. 2023 is the first year to implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, and it is also the first year to accelerate the construction of an agricultural power. It is of special significance to ensure the stable and safe supply of grain and important agricultural products.

  "We will take a new round of 100 billion Jin of grain production capacity improvement as the starting point and go all out to stabilize China’s rice bowl."

  The grain production capacity is at a high starting point of 1.3 trillion Jin, and then increased by 100 billion Jin. Hard as it is, it will be done.

  Tang Renjian said, "This matter is not a question of whether it can be done or not, but a question of what must be done. We must mobilize all resources and do everything possible to increase the grain production capacity by 100 billion Jin."

  Tang Renjian said that in the long run, it is necessary to make full efforts to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity. Grasp the material foundation, resolutely hold the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, gradually build all 1.546 billion mu of permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland, and continue to do a good job in seed industry revitalization and key agricultural technology research; We will also pay attention to the mechanism guarantee, improve the income guarantee mechanism for grain farmers and the compensation mechanism for interests in major producing areas, fully implement the responsibility of the party and government for food security, and consolidate the foundation of food security in all directions.

  In 2023, in the face of the new development situation, the focus is on two stability, two expansion and two promotion.

  Two stabilities — — Stable area and outputEnsure that the grain area is stable above 1.77 billion mu, strive to increase, ensure that the grain output continues to be above 1.3 trillion Jin, and strive to increase production. 

  Two expansions — — Expand beans and oil:We will plant more than 10 million mu, ensure that the soybean oil area is stable at more than 350 million mu, and strive to expand again.

  Two mentions — — Self-sufficiency rate of bill of lading production and delivery:Strive to increase the yield per mu of corn demonstration fields by more than 100 kilograms and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil by more than 1 percentage point.

  When the reporter asked what specific policy measures would be taken, Tang Renjian said, first of all, both administrative promotion and policy support should be taken to do everything possible to stabilize the area. In the assessment of food security, the weight of area yield and planting structure should be increased. At the same time, we should pay attention to both farmland hardware and scientific and technological software to raise the yield per unit area. 45 million mu of new farmland will be built, and 35 million mu of high-standard farmland will be upgraded. Start the project of increasing the yield of major grain and oil crops with the focus on corn. In addition, we should pay attention to disaster prevention and loss reduction, and reduce the losses.

  Promote consumption and expand investment, and vigorously promote the domestic cycle.

  Speaking of expanding domestic demand, Tang Renjian believes that agriculture, rural areas and farmers involve many industries, a wide range of fields and a large group. In expanding domestic demand and building a new development pattern, there is a very broad space to move and the potential to be tapped.

  Tang Renjian gave such a set of data:

  Although farmers’ income is not very high at present, the consumption increment created is almost the same as that of urban residents. With the continuous growth of farmers’ income, rural consumption has been accelerated.It is estimated that the annual consumption demand will increase by about 2 trillion yuan.

  The lag of agricultural and rural infrastructure construction is the most intuitive manifestation of the gap between urban and rural areas, which has a huge investment demand. Preliminary calculation,In the next 5 to 10 years, the investment demand for high-standard farmland and facility agriculture alone will be nearly 15 trillion yuan.

  Tang Renjian said that in 2023, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will continue to make efforts to comprehensively promote rural revitalization and accelerate the construction of an agricultural power, especially in accelerating the activation of the rural market and releasing farmers’ consumption potential, smoothing the urban and rural circulation of workers and peasants and promoting the domestic cycle.

  Optimize supply and expand consumption.From the supply side and circulation channels, we will expand the production of green, organic, geographical indications and famous new agricultural products, focus on improving rural consumption hard facilities, optimize the soft environment, expand the rural coverage of e-commerce and logistics express delivery, and make agricultural products "go up smoothly" and industrial products "sink smoothly" to promote the upgrading of urban food consumption and the growth of rural durable goods consumption.

  Strengthen investment in construction traction.Solidly promote rural construction, continue to strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, vigorously develop modern facility agriculture, lay out and build a number of storage and fresh-keeping facilities in production areas, cold chain collection and distribution centers and large-scale cold chain logistics bases, and continuously improve conditions such as water circuit and gas room information in rural areas, so as to expand effective investment in agriculture and rural areas and boost economic growth.

  Developing industries to help farmers increase their income.Guide all localities to strengthen leading enterprises, make up chains, promote formats and build brands, strengthen the processing and circulation industry of agricultural products, promote the integration of agricultural, cultural and tourism, vigorously develop rural e-commerce, accelerate the construction of modern agricultural parks, and continuously broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income and become rich.

  solidResolutely stick to the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale

  Consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation is the bottom line task of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. Tang Renjian said that in 2022, the results of poverty alleviation continued to be effectively consolidated. By the end of November, 65.7% of the monitored objects had eliminated the risk of returning to poverty, and the rest had also implemented assistance measures. There was no phenomenon of the whole village returning to poverty, and the employment scale of poverty-stricken laborers increased by 1.33 million over the previous year, reaching 32.78 million.

  "At present, affected by factors such as the COVID-19 epidemic and the economic downturn, we have encountered some new situations and new problems in consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation." In the face of difficult challenges, Tang Renjian gave a response plan.

  "We will take greater and more targeted measures to further enhance the endogenous development momentum of poverty-stricken areas and poverty-stricken people, and use development methods to keep poverty far away."

  In cultivating and upgrading industries,In accordance with the requirements of the word "native products", guide all localities to rely on the characteristic resources of agriculture and rural areas to develop various functions of agriculture, tap the diversified values of rural areas, and promote the upgrading of the whole chain of rural industries. We will increase the proportion of bridging funds used for industrial development to more than 60%, plan and implement a number of overall regional industrial projects, improve the mechanism of linking agriculture with agriculture, let the people out of poverty share more value-added benefits, and increase their income through industry stability.

  In terms of efforts to stabilize employment,Develop a number of county-level industries with large employment capacity to enrich the people, increase employment services and skills training for poverty-stricken laborers, and ensure that the employment scale of poverty-stricken laborers is stable at more than 30 million.

  In promoting entrepreneurial innovation,We will implement entrepreneurship support policies, build a number of entrepreneurship incubation training bases, and orderly guide college graduates to their hometowns, capable people to their hometowns, migrant workers to their hometowns, and entrepreneurs to their hometowns, so as to drive employment and increase income through entrepreneurship.

  A strong country must first strengthen agriculture, and a strong agriculture can strengthen the country.

  Tang Renjian said that the strong signal of attaching importance to agriculture and strengthening agriculture has been issued with heavy drums and hammers. We will systematically plan for anchoring this goal, study and formulate plans for accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country, keep the two bottom lines of ensuring food security and preventing large-scale return to poverty at a higher level, promote rural development, rural construction and rural governance with high quality, innovate and implement the two-wheel drive of scientific and technological reform, and constantly open up a new era, a new journey and a new situation for the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, laying a solid foundation for a good start in building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

  (CCTV reporter Zhang Qin Wang Wei Liang Lijuan Wang Kaibo Yang Xiaobo Zhong Min Zhang Yuxi Jaco Zhang Hao Wang Jialin Huang Wei Shen Hao Han Fei)

Interview | "Red Lover" is re-released, and director Ye Daying reveals Leslie Cheung.


Special feature of 1905 film network "He came to make up the yangko dance, and came to my house during the plane. When chatting, I asked him: Is there an idol school and a strength school in Hong Kong? Leslie Cheung said, "What faction do you think I am?"Think back to filming 25 years ago.Red lovers, directorYe DayingYou Ji and starring ZhangGuorongBits and pieces when getting along.


The film premiered in China in 1998, which was the third box office in that year. It was nominated for the Golden Rooster Award in China, won the best editing award, and also won the "Pyramid Award" silver award and the best actress award in Cairo International Film Festival.


Twenty-five years later, this year is also the 20th anniversary of Leslie Cheung’s death. The Red Lover has been shown nationwide in a film-to-digital version, which has multiple commemorative significance.



At the premiere of the premiere, Ye Daying watched The Red Lover completely again after many years. He lamented, "It’s really a good movie.".


Before the screening, he told the 1905 film network, "Every era has its own aesthetics, and I dare not compare it with many directors now. But a movie that can span 25 years and move today’s audience has already explained everything. "



At the roadshow and the premiere, there will be a bouquet of flowers on the seat No.12 in the ninth row, which is my brother Leslie Cheung’s "exclusive seat". Leslie Cheung’s 67th birthday is the day when The Red Lover is shown again.


We miss Leslie Cheung so much, and Ye Daying also talked to us about Leslie Cheung’s unforgettable past with this film.



Leslie Cheung 25 years ago.


Among all Leslie Cheung’s works, The Red Lover is very special — — It’s hard to imagine him in a movie with a red theme, playing an underground communist party member in the 1930s.


Ye Daying said that Leslie Cheung was the first Hong Kong actor to come to the Mainland to play a revolutionary, and he faced great challenges in his creation. At the same time, Leslie Cheung’s handsome appearance and gentle temperament are in line with his imagination of the image of early revolutionaries.


"Many early revolutionaries went abroad to study, and they really understood Marxism before they devoted themselves to such beliefs." In the initial casting, Ye Daying wanted to find an actor who had a background of studying abroad and could speak English to play Jin. The first thing that came to mind was John Lone. Later, a Hong Kong friend strongly recommended Leslie Cheung after reading the script, so he arranged for them to meet.



Ye Daying was not familiar with Leslie Cheung before, but was deeply impressed by his "The True Story of Teddy Boy". They hit it off at the first meeting and soon talked about cooperation.


"I told him some stories of early revolutionaries, such as Qu Qiubai and Hongyan, and he fully understood them. His eyes will have a deep understanding and emotion as you tell these characters. In my eyes, he is not a star. He really met a good actor, an actor who can understand you and read your words. This is exactly what I am looking for. "


Leslie Cheung once said in an interview that he read many books, such as Lu Xun’s, in order to play this role well, and tried to figure out the revolutionary mentality of that era, so as to shape Jin into a flesh-and-blood figure.



Ye Daying admired Leslie Cheung’s excellent performance very much. "He said you can have whatever you want." Until now, there is a scene that haunts his mind — —


"Jin is going to read a letter left by Qiu Qiu. I said that when you read the first few words, tears came out of it. By the first few words, tears have to be taken back, and you can’t let it drip out. Leslie Cheung said I’d try, and he did it the first time. And after the filming, he squatted next to me and looked at the monitor, saying, can I do it again? I can do it better. It was played three times, and each time it was a great effect. "



In Ye Daying’s view, Leslie Cheung is a very hardworking actor. When Jin was shot in the execution ground with shackles, it was in the cold winter. The weather was very cold and the wind was very strong. The crew prepared shackles made of foam, but Leslie Cheung explicitly refused. "He said why I should wear fake ones, and I want to wear real ones. He walked barefoot and blood came out after a few steps. "



The Red Lover was Mei Ting’s first film. At the age of 22, she was going to play many opposite roles with Leslie Cheung. Mei Ting once recalled that there was a long shot in the film in which Qiu Qiu’s facial expression was shot to show the emotional exchange between Qiu Qiu and Jin, and Leslie Cheung insisted on helping him to play outside the camera out of caring for the new couple.


"At that time, I clearly felt that his hand was softly inserted from my hairline, slowly slid to the back of my head, and then swam across my chest. I could even hear the change of his breath. This real feeling prompted me to complete this long shot more accurately." Mei Ting said, "As long as Leslie Cheung is present, my heart is particularly practical."



25 years later, The Red Lover


The birth of Red Lovers originated from Ye Daying’s previous film Red Cherry.In the process of writing Red Cherry, I interviewed more than 30 children of revolutionary martyrs and heard them tell their parents’ love and sacrifice stories, Ye Daying and the screenwriter.Jiang Qitao, photographyZhang LiEveryone was so moved that they wanted to make a movie like this together.


The film follows the acquaintance of American doctor Payne, Qiu Qiu and Jin from the perspective of westerners, and gradually approaches their revolutionary ideals and love stories. Ye Daying thinks that if we tell the story from the perspective of foreigners, we can be more moved by the ideas of Jin and Qiu Qiu, and also make today’s audience feel more substituted.


"Why are we more receptive when we read Si Nuo’s Red Star Shines on China and Smedley’s articles? Because Americans tell the story of our Red Army, you will feel that even they see it this way, so does our film."



"The Red Lover" was shown all over the country. Ye Daying was on a road show all over the country these days. I didn’t expect many young viewers to burst into tears after watching the film, which was beyond his imagination.


He didn’t particularly dare to go back to see the film himself, and it made him sad. Once, he sneaked into the movie scene to watch the second half. When Little Pearl reached into the urn of Jin and Qiuqiu, he couldn’t help crying at that moment.


In the activities after the road show, the host often asks the audience which line of Jin can be spoken, and more than two viewers always blurt it out — — "If I can’t live with dignity, I’d rather choose death!"


In the movie, the shrapnel left in Jin’s brain made him suffer from severe intermittent mania and often had hallucinations. When the doctor told him that he might lose consciousness during the operation, he firmly expressed his attitude of death with this sentence. Looking back now, Ye Daying said with emotion, "He is too much like Leslie Cheung".



Once Jin gets sick in the film, Qiu Qiu will read him a poem: "When the sun comes out, an eagle flies from the ground to the sky and suddenly stops in the air, as if frozen in the blue sky. No one can tell why it flies and what it needs …" 


Jin’s wife jumped from a tall building to protect him from the enemy, and this scene became a pain that Jin could never heal.


In the dark, the imagery of poetry and the plot of falling from the building have become the "prophecy" that Leslie Cheung became famous five years later. "So this movie really hurts me." Ye Daying said that Leslie Cheung has been dead for twenty years, and he has left us the most perfect image of his life.



Now, Ye Daying is preparing the third film of the "Red Trilogy". "It’s a very touching story, no less touching than that brought by The Red Lover, but I don’t know if there can be another Leslie Cheung."


Holding the "Bull’s Nose" of Green Development and Promoting the Sustainable Development of Agriculture —— The Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference to interpret the "Five Actions of Green D

  On May 9th, the Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference to launch and implement the "Five Actions of Agricultural Green Development". Ye Zhenqin, spokesperson of the Ministry of Agriculture, Liao Xiyuan, director of the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zeng Yande, director of the Planting Management Department, Ma Youxiang, director of the Animal Husbandry Department, and Li Shumin, deputy director of the Fisheries and Fishery Administration Bureau, introduced the relevant situation and answered questions from reporters.

  Ye Zhenqin introduced that in recent years, China’s agricultural development has continuously reached a new level, with bumper harvests year after year, abundant supply of cotton, oil, sugar, fruit and vegetable tea, meat, eggs and milk, aquatic products, etc., but it has also paid a great price. Agricultural resources have been overdrawn for a long time, overexploited, agricultural non-point source pollution has increased, and the agricultural ecological environment has lit up a "red light". Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other inputs, low utilization rate of crop straw, agricultural film recovery rate, livestock manure treatment and resource utilization rate, and continuous decline of marine fishery resources have become prominent problems facing the current agricultural ecological resources and environment. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets should adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, and promote the formation of a green development mode and lifestyle. The Ministry of Agriculture implemented the spirit of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and the central government’s decision-making arrangements. In 2015, it launched a tough battle to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution, and put forward the goal and task of "one control, two reductions and three basics", which achieved good results. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture further focused on the key points, and launched the "Five Actions of Agricultural Green Development", such as the action of recycling livestock manure, the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit, vegetable and tea, the action of straw treatment in Northeast China, the action of agricultural film recycling and the action of protecting aquatic organisms with emphasis on the Yangtze River.

  Ye Zhenqin said that these five major actions are aimed at the outstanding problems and shortcomings facing the current green development of agriculture. These issues are highly valued by the central leadership, concerned by the masses and concerned by the society. Whether it can be solved well is related to the sustainable development of agriculture and the vital interests of ordinary people, especially the broad masses of peasants. Solving these problems will hold the "bull’s nose" of agricultural green development and grasp the key task of agricultural sustainable development. The implementation of the five major actions is an important deployment and major measure to promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, which is conducive to changing the traditional production mode, reducing the excessive use of inputs such as fertilizers, optimizing the production environment, improving product quality, and ensuring the supply of high-quality green agricultural products from the source; It is conducive to promoting the comprehensive management and resource utilization of agricultural production waste, turning waste into treasure and turning decay into magic. In the final analysis, it is conducive to slowing down the trend of excessive utilization intensity of agricultural resources and increasing non-point source pollution, and promoting the formation of a green development mode of agriculture in China and embarking on a sustainable development path.

  Ye Zhenqin briefly introduced the contents of the five major actions:

  Action on resource utilization of livestock manure.At the 14th meeting of the Central Leading Group for Finance and Economics, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that accelerating the treatment and recycling of livestock and poultry breeding wastes has a bearing on the production and living environment of more than 600 million rural residents, which is a long-term good thing for the benefit of the country and the people. The implementation of this action is to solve the problem of low level of treatment and utilization of livestock manure in China, and to launch a tough battle for pollution prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding in an all-round way. This year, the central government plans to arrange special funds, adopt the method of substituting awards for subsidies, focus on large livestock counties and large-scale farms, promote the resource utilization of livestock manure in the whole county, coordinate existing projects, and focus on supporting the construction of livestock manure treatment and utilization facilities; Focus on large-scale farm households, build a national platform for direct reporting of livestock and poultry farm information, and realize accurate support, accurate management and accurate service; Establish a national scientific and technological innovation alliance for recycling livestock and poultry waste, summarize and refine effective models, and guide local and large-scale farms to scientifically control livestock manure. Through the implementation of this action, the comprehensive utilization rate of livestock manure in China will reach more than 75%, and the matching rate of manure treatment facilities and equipment in large-scale farms will reach more than 95%. By 2020, the problem of recycling manure in large-scale farms will be basically solved.

  Action on replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit, vegetable and tea.At present, the amount of chemical fertilizer used in horticultural products such as fruits, vegetables and tea accounts for 40% of the amount of agricultural chemical fertilizer, which is the field with the greatest potential to promote chemical fertilizer reduction. The implementation of organic fertilizer substitution action is to solve the environmental problems caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizer, and strive to build the organization mode, service mechanism and policy framework of organic fertilizer substitution in 3-5 years. In the process of promotion, we should pay equal attention to reduction and efficiency, coordinate production and ecology, and highlight key varieties, namely apples, citrus, protected vegetables and brand tea; Highlighting the dominant producing areas means selecting 100 key counties in the dominant and core areas of fruit, vegetable and tea to carry out pilot demonstrations of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, exploring replicable and popularized technical models and operating mechanisms, and building a number of green product bases, characteristic product bases and well-known brand bases. Through the implementation of this action, we will strive to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer in the dominant fruit, vegetable and tea producing areas by more than 20% and the amount of chemical fertilizer in the core producing areas and well-known brand production bases (parks) by more than 50% by 2020.

  Action on straw treatment in Northeast China.Northeast China is a big granary in China. The total amount of straw, especially corn straw, is large, and the average household straw output is 3.2 times of the national average. In 2015, the comprehensive utilization rate of straw in Northeast China was only 66.6%, which was 13.5 percentage points lower than the national average. It can be said that the straw problem in Northeast China has been solved, and the comprehensive utilization level of straw in China has reached a big step. This year, it is planned to allocate 600 million yuan from the central government to carry out pilot projects to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw in 60 major corn-producing counties in Northeast China. Vigorously promote recycling technologies such as deep ploughing and mulching, and promote the development of circular agriculture with straw as the link; Accelerate the cultivation of socialized service organizations for straw collection, storage and transportation, establish a full coverage service network in major corn-producing counties, and improve the professional level of straw collection, storage and transportation; Innovate and mature a number of new technologies, new processes and new equipment in the fields of straw returning to the field, feed and fuel utilization, and improve the standardization level of comprehensive utilization of straw; At the same time, we will promote the introduction and implementation of preferential policies such as land use, electricity consumption and credit, and establish an industrialization development mechanism with government guidance, market players and multi-participation. Through the implementation of this action, we will strive to achieve more than 80% comprehensive utilization rate of straw in Northeast China by 2020, and increase the utilization capacity of straw by more than 27 million tons.

  About the recycling action of agricultural film.The total amount of agricultural film used in China is more than 2.6 million tons every year, but the recovery rate is less than 2/3. This action is mainly to solve the problem of "white pollution" caused by the difficulty and high cost of plastic film recycling at present. This year, 100 demonstration counties will be built in Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other regions, with cotton, corn and potatoes as the key crops, and the application of thickened plastic film, mechanized picking, specialized recycling and resource utilization as the main direction, which will be implemented in succession and promoted throughout the county. Strengthen source control and accelerate the revision of plastic film standards; At the same time, adjust the subsidy policy, change from "make-up use" to "make-up recycling", pilot the extension system of producer responsibility for plastic film recycling, and explore the mechanism of "whoever produces and recycles" so that the responsibility for plastic film recycling will be transferred from users to producers. Through the implementation of this action, we will strive to achieve more than 80% recycling rate of agricultural film by 2020 and effectively control the "white pollution" of farmland.

  On the protection of aquatic life with emphasis on the Yangtze River.The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River should be placed in an overwhelming position, and great protection should be done together, instead of large-scale development. This action is mainly to solve the problem of continuous decline and deterioration of fishery resources and environment and promote the sustainable development of fishery. In the protection of aquatic biological resources in the Yangtze River, we will vigorously promote the rescue action plan for Chinese sturgeon and Yangtze finless porpoise, and take the lead in achieving a comprehensive ban on fishing in the aquatic biological protection zone in the Yangtze River basin. In strengthening the management and protection of marine fishery resources, we will focus on promoting "double control of fishing boats", "total management" and "fishing in summer", continue to clean up and rectify the "homeless network" and the "three noes" ships involved in fishing, and guide and support fishermen to change jobs; At the same time, actively promote the construction of marine pastures, proliferation and conservation of fishery resources. Through the implementation of this action, we will strive to effectively curb the decline of aquatic biological resources, the deterioration of water ecological environment and the decline of aquatic biodiversity in the Yangtze River basin, restore the growth of aquatic biological resources, and realize the coordination between the total output of marine fishing and the total carrying capacity of fishery resources by 2020.

  Ye Zhenqin pointed out that the implementation of the "Five Actions of Agricultural Green Development" is not only related to the green development of agriculture itself, but also to the protection and sustainable development of the entire ecological environment and resources, and it is also an important way to beautify the rural living environment and promote the construction of new countryside. In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will work with the provincial agricultural departments to implement the concept of green development, promote the structural reform of agricultural supply side, and embark on a road of agricultural modernization with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.

  CCTV reporter:In recent two years, for the purpose of protecting the local environment, some areas have designated "no-feeding areas" and closed down livestock and poultry farms. At the same time, the import of livestock products from abroad has continued to increase. How can the Ministry of Agriculture coordinate the coordinated development of animal husbandry production and environmental protection in such a situation?

  Ma Youxiang:In recent years, livestock manure has been increasingly criticized. But we should not forget that animal husbandry has provided a strong guarantee for the supply of meat, eggs and milk for urban and rural residents, and made great contributions to increasing farmers’ income and ensuring employment. Livestock manure is a by-product of large-scale farming and a developing problem.

  In the past, it was scattered farming, and a few pigs were raised in one household, and all the livestock manure was returned to the field. At present, the level of large-scale livestock and poultry farming in China has reached 56%. Compared with the traditional decentralized farming, the labor productivity, resource conversion rate, livestock and poultry productivity, quality and safety guarantee ability, anti-risk ability and comprehensive competitiveness have all been revolutionized. However, large-scale farms have not only produced scale benefits, but also produced considerable scale manure. Livestock manure is an important resource, and it is inseparable from organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility and develop organic agriculture, and it is also an important raw material for clean energy. For example, biogas power generation can use livestock manure as raw material, which is also in line with the requirements and development direction of green development.

  The Ministry of Agriculture has always attached great importance to the coordinated development of animal husbandry production and environmental protection. During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, it was put forward that the development of animal husbandry should pay equal attention to ensuring supply, safety and production, and develop environmentally friendly animal husbandry. Specifically, we should make overall plans in three aspects. First, make overall plans in guiding ideology. Adhere to the importance of ensuring supply, ecology and safety. Solve the problem of manure pollution in the development of animal husbandry, realize the development of animal husbandry with higher quality by promoting the utilization of manure resources, and promote the upgrading of animal husbandry with green development. We can’t simply pursue the development of animal husbandry without paying attention to the pollution of farming, and we can’t ignore the historical development stage and basic conditions and shut down and ban the farms. Second, we should make overall plans for work deployment. Whether it is the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" or the annual work arrangement, whether it is the policy design or the investment arrangement, it is necessary to achieve a coordinated balance between ensuring supply and protecting the environment. It not only supports the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry, but also considers the resource utilization of manure. There are both requirements for delineating "no-breeding areas" and measures for adjusting and optimizing breeding areas. It not only supports standardized and large-scale farming, but also carries out green development demonstration creation. We should not only consider "planting for raising" but also "raising for planting" to realize a new development relationship of combining planting and raising and farming-animal husbandry cycle. Third, we should coordinate the implementation of work responsibilities. It is necessary to implement the local government’s territorial management responsibility for the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure, and to implement the responsibility system of the mayor of the vegetable basket, which is an integral part of two responsibility.

  Regarding the adjustment of pig layout, the contradiction between aquaculture and water environment is more prominent in the southern water network area because the water environment is relatively sensitive and the carrying capacity is relatively limited. In 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture issued "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Adjustment and Optimization of Pig Breeding Layout in Southern Water Network Areas" to guide the southern water network areas to scientifically determine the suitable breeding scale according to the land carrying capacity, and also formulated and issued the "National Pig Production Development Plan" to optimize the regional layout and actively guide the transfer of pig production to areas with large environmental capacity such as Northeast China. Now, the trend of pigs going northward is very obvious. A large number of pig breeding has been transferred to four provinces and regions in Northeast China. The development of Northeast China has a foundation, resources and space, and it is a key area to undertake the transfer of pig industry. In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will further increase its support based on the adjustment of the layout of pigs in the country, and strive to make Northeast China an important supply base of pork products in the country, and truly realize the combination of planting and breeding and the cycle of agriculture and animal husbandry.

  Economic Daily reporter:China is a big country that uses chemical fertilizers, and the use of chemical fertilizers plays an important role in ensuring the output of agricultural products such as grain. Why do you propose to implement the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit, vegetable and tea?

  Zeng Yande:We propose that organic fertilizer should replace chemical fertilizer, which is the need of the situation and the necessity of development. In the past, in order to ensure supply, the amount of chemical fertilizer was indeed too much. This will not only increase the cost, but also bring some impacts on the ecological environment. I want to point out that the current reduction of chemical fertilizer, including the development of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, is not to abandon chemical fertilizer, but to reduce the unreasonable use in the past and reduce the momentum of excessive use. It is an important measure to replace chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer to promote the green development of agriculture now.

  I think there are three points in the significance of this action: First, reduce costs and increase efficiency. China is a big producer of fruits, vegetables and tea, but its comprehensive benefit is far lower than that of developed countries in Europe and America. An important reason is that the amount of chemical fertilizer is too high. The average amount of chemical fertilizer per mu of fruit trees in China is 37.4 kilograms, which is more than twice that of Japan, six times that of the United States and seven times that of the European Union. The average amount of chemical fertilizer per mu of vegetables is 47.6 kilograms, which is 12.8 kilograms higher than that of Japan, nearly 30 kilograms higher than that of the United States and more than 30 kilograms higher than that of the European Union. Now only by using organic fertilizers can the amount of chemical fertilizer be reduced and the production cost be reduced. The second is to improve quality and efficiency. Nowadays, many consumers say that the taste of fruits and vegetables is not as good as in the past, which is also related to the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The experiment shows that the appearance and internal quality of the fruit in the orchard with organic fertilizer are obviously improved, which is what we often say is good taste and high commodity value. After applying organic fertilizer, the anthocyanin content in pericarp will be increased by 20%-30%, and vitamin C will be increased by 10%-30%. The third is to improve the environment. At present, there is a phenomenon in agricultural production. On the one hand, excessive use of chemical fertilizers brings soil acidification and eutrophication of water bodies, and on the other hand, livestock manure accumulation can not be effectively used to cause pollution. By replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer, we can combine agriculture and animal husbandry more closely, make use of livestock manure and improve the quality of agricultural products, which is a good thing for many purposes.

  China national radio reporter:On the one hand, the "five major actions of agricultural green development" have a wide coverage and a great span. On the other hand, each action may have different priorities and progress. How to ensure that these actions can be promoted simultaneously and achieve practical results?

  Ye Zhenqin:The "Five Actions of Agricultural Green Development" does have a wide coverage, many links and many subjects, which need to be promoted as a whole. Minister Han Changfu of the Ministry of Agriculture demanded that the Ministry of Agriculture should take the five major actions as the overall, strategic and long-term tasks of agricultural development, and must achieve practical results. From the perspective of the Ministry of Agriculture, there are many things to be done and many things that can be done. We focus on four aspects:

  First, do a good job in organizational leadership. The Ministry of Agriculture has set up a leading group for five major actions, with Minister Han Changfu as the leader. Each leading group has a set of leadership promotion mechanism, and each action is under the overall responsibility of the vice minister as the "captain of the action". The lead departments are responsible for formulating plans, studying the promotion mechanism and strengthening the division of responsibilities. Some of these five action plans have been issued, and some are being formulated. The Ministry of Agriculture will formulate good policies, do a good job in top-level design, sum up good models, and push all localities to implement their work.

  Second, do a good job of demonstration. The five major actions are a new task, and many of them need to carry out pilot projects first, explore models and sum up experience, and form a number of typical and governance models that can be replicated and promoted. For example, 100 demonstration counties (cities) have been selected for the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit, vegetable and tea, which are not only big counties for fruit, vegetable and tea production, but also big counties for livestock and poultry breeding. For example, agricultural film pollution control, this year, 100 demonstration counties were established in Gansu, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia to comprehensively promote the use of thickened plastic films and basically establish a recycling system. The recovery rate of plastic films in the demonstration counties reached more than 80% in the current season, taking the lead in realizing the basic resource utilization of plastic films.

  Third, establish a mechanism to promote implementation. The implementation of the five major actions depends on the efforts of the government, the market and the society to form a joint force. Generally speaking, there are three sentences: First, government support is indispensable. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture will integrate the existing funds, actively strive for incremental funds, promote the effectiveness of various tasks through subsidies and other means, and gradually establish a policy and project system based on green ecology. Second, the market mechanism is more important. In these five major actions, except the aquatic organism protection action, the other four actions must establish a market-oriented operation mechanism, and at the same time give full play to the role of financial funds, and encourage the participation of third-party entities such as production and operation entities and governance entities. For example, in promoting the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer, the government has adopted the way of purchasing services, and at the same time encouraged social capital to enter, inciting all kinds of capital to participate in the production, popularization and application of organic fertilizer. Third, the assessment constraints should be strengthened. The five major actions cannot be carried out by the agricultural sector alone, let alone by the Ministry of Agriculture, but also by local governments. We will establish a mechanism to promote implementation, so that there are standards and assessments, and link policy projects, funding arrangements and assessments to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of local governments and large-scale business entities.

  Fourth, innovative technology model. The implementation of the five major actions is highly technical. The Ministry of Agriculture should give full play to the systematic advantages of professional technology and team, actively organize and carry out collaborative research in Industry-University-Research, increase the research and development of supporting new technologies, new products and new equipment, integrate and assemble a number of replicable and scalable technology models, and expand the scope of promotion. For example, the livestock manure recycling action has summed up seven kinds of manure recycling treatment modes, and issued them to all localities for reference, guiding local governments to adapt to local conditions and policies.

  "Five actions of agricultural green development" is an overall war and a systematic project. In the next step, we will strengthen overall planning and coordination, integrate resources, and form a working pattern of joint management and linkage from top to bottom. In particular, it is necessary to highlight key areas, national modern agricultural demonstration zones, grain production functional zones, important agricultural product production protection zones, characteristic agricultural product advantage zones, agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration zones and modern agricultural industrial parks, and take the lead in promoting the five major actions as a whole, establishing the mechanism and model of agricultural green development, so that the five major actions can see results as soon as possible and benefit the society and the masses as soon as possible.

  Xinhua News Agency reporter:Plastic film mulching is known as the "white revolution" in agriculture, but the problem of "white pollution" caused by plastic film residue in rural areas is becoming increasingly prominent. How to deal with the dilemma of "white revolution" and "white pollution"?

  Liao Xiyuan:Agricultural film is the fourth largest agricultural means of production after seeds, pesticides and fertilizers. It has obvious functions of warming, preserving moisture and weeding, and has made great contributions to increasing agricultural production and farmers’ income. However, with the increasing amount and service life of plastic film, it has also caused "white pollution" in some areas, which has become a prominent problem facing the green development of agriculture. In recent years, local agricultural departments have actively promoted the recycling of plastic film. First, they have strengthened the capacity building of plastic film recycling and processing. Support the construction of a number of waste plastic film processing enterprises and recycling outlets. The second is to strengthen the recycling and management of plastic film and vigorously implement the "five ones" comprehensive management of plastic film. Third, strengthen the scientific and technological innovation of plastic film, and combine with Industry-University-Research to carry out experiments and demonstrations of degradable plastic film.

  In the next step, we will focus on the action objectives and key tasks, and strive to promote the work in five aspects. First, promote the revision of plastic film standards. Increase the thickness and stretching length of plastic film, improve the recoverability of plastic film and strengthen the source control. Second, promote demonstration and lead, focus on 100 demonstration counties in the northwest, concentrate on investment, integrate technology, and create demonstration models. Third, promote mechanism innovation, adjust and implement relevant subsidy policies, change from "supplementary use" to "supplementary recycling", accelerate the study of the extension mechanism of producer responsibility for plastic film recycling, and explore the transfer of responsibility for plastic film recycling from users to producers. Fourth, promote scientific and technological innovation, organize scientific and technological forces, focus on tackling key problems of degradable plastic films, picking up residual films and researching and developing processing machinery, establish a monitoring and investigation system for agricultural films, strengthen statistical analysis and improve the assessment index system. Fifth, promote the implementation of the work, clarify the division of responsibilities, departments cooperate with each other, and the main body cooperates to form a joint force to ensure that the measures are fully implemented.

  People’s Daily reporter:In the action of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit and vegetable tea, it is mentioned that by 2020, the amount of chemical fertilizer in the dominant producing areas of fruit and vegetable tea in China will be reduced by more than 20%, and the amount of chemical fertilizer in the core producing areas and production bases of well-known brands will be reduced by more than 50%. Can this goal be achieved? What measures need to be taken if it is achieved on schedule?

  Zeng Yande:The action of zero growth in fertilizer use has been implemented for three years and achieved initial results. Last year, the use of chemical fertilizers was almost zero, and the growth rate was slowing down. Some provinces had already experienced negative growth, and the atmosphere was forming. We propose that by 2020, the amount of chemical fertilizer will be reduced by more than 20% in the dominant areas where fruit, vegetable and tea organic fertilizer replaces chemical fertilizer, and by more than 50% in the core areas and well-known brand production bases. This goal is fully demonstrated and can be achieved through hard work.

  We consider the following points, mainly the "five movements". First, policy support and promotion. Nowadays, the cost of rural labor is increasing, and it is time-consuming and laborious for farmers to apply organic fertilizer and farmyard manure, so it is necessary to support farmers to apply organic fertilizer through policy guidance. This year, the central government has arranged special funds to support the replacement of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers for fruits, vegetables and tea, and at the same time, combined with biogas projects, pilot projects for resource utilization of livestock manure and other projects, they have promoted in the same direction and formed a joint policy force. Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces and cities have arranged special funds to support farmers to use organic fertilizer, and accumulated a set of good practices, and the policy effect is very good. The second is the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry. Encourage the local use of livestock and poultry manure and other aquaculture waste, and build and apply organic fertilizer. The demonstration county of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer for fruit, vegetable, tea is also a large breeding county, realizing recycling and turning waste into treasure. The third is driven by technological innovation. For example, the composting of livestock manure, the application of commercial organic fertilizer, and the harmless treatment of biogas residue and biogas slurry, a set of replicable and popularized technical models are preliminarily put forward. It is also necessary to innovate the service mechanism, incite social capital, and invest organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer. Some places have already had good experience. The fourth is the demonstration of new business entities. New business entities have initiative and enthusiasm for the utilization of organic fertilizer, so they should play their exemplary role in standardization, scale and intensive utilization, and lead organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer. The fifth is the promotion of brand base. By implementing organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer, we will produce the best quality agricultural products with the healthiest soil, and build a number of green product bases, characteristic product bases and well-known brand bases.Increase the supply of green products. Some bases are doing very well, using organic fertilizer, creating organic food, and doing brand sales to meet consumers’ diversified and characteristic consumption needs. We believe that through the promotion of these measures, the goal of reducing fertilizer consumption can be achieved through three to five years’ efforts.

  Farmer Daily reporter:May I ask how the Ministry of Agriculture will promote the new summer fishing moratorium system and achieve a total ban on fishing in the aquatic life reserve in the Yangtze River basin? In addition, what specific measures are there in the construction of marine pasture?

  Li Shumin:This problem involves three aspects. First, regarding the system adjustment of summer fishing moratorium, in order to ensure the implementation of the new summer fishing moratorium, on May 1, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the China Marine Police, carried out special enforcement actions on summer fishing moratorium in Xiangshan, Zhejiang, Dalian, Liaoning and Sanya, Hainan around key areas, key time periods and key targets. The key areas are fishing ports and fishing grounds, and the key periods are one end and one end during the summer fishing moratorium and the licensed fishing implementation period. The key targets are fishing auxiliary vessels, licensed fishing vessels, vessels with special operation methods, vessels with "criminal records" that have repeatedly violated the summer fishing moratorium in the past, and vessels with "three noes" involved in fishing. In order to ensure the effectiveness of law enforcement, we will focus on strengthening the linkage between law enforcement departments, land and sea, inside and outside the line, so as to achieve the stability of fishing order and social stability in fishing areas in summer.

  With regard to taking the lead in realizing a total ban on fishing in the aquatic biological reserve in the Yangtze River basin, we adopt the method of retreating first and banning later. First, we will promote the fishermen in protected areas to retreat and land, and then issue a fishing ban on relevant waters, and steadily promote the comprehensive ban on fishing in protected areas. In the next step, we will, in accordance with the principle of "central guidance and local support", make overall plans to promote the implementation of policies for fishermen to settle down ashore, education, medical insurance, subsistence allowances, old-age care and poverty alleviation, strengthen practical skills training, and strive to broaden the channels for increasing income of fishermen who have retired ashore, and strive to ensure that fishermen are guaranteed to be retired and protected areas are prohibited from catching.

  Based on the principle of marine ecosystem, marine pasture is a fishery model that constructs or repairs the places needed by marine organisms to breed, grow, seek prey or avoid natural enemies by artificial reefs, proliferation and release, etc. in specific sea areas, so as to proliferate and conserve fishery resources, improve the ecological environment of sea areas and realize sustainable utilization. Since 2002, the Ministry of Agriculture has actively supported the local development of marine pastures. Up to now, China has invested 5.58 billion yuan in the construction of marine pastures, which has produced obvious ecological, social and economic benefits. Through the combination of marine pasture with marine sightseeing and leisure fishing, the country has accepted more than 16 million tourists every year, which has become a new bright spot of marine economic growth. Since 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture has organized the establishment of national-level marine pasture demonstration zones, and it is planned to create a number of national-level marine pasture demonstration zones with strong regional representation and outstanding public welfare functions in about five years. Up to now, we have created two batches of 42 national marine pasture demonstration areas. This year, we will also organize a national on-site meeting on the construction of marine pastures, sum up advanced models, popularize advanced experience, and promote the development of marine pastures in China to a new level.

  Xinhuanet reporter:As a big granary in China, the average straw yield in Northeast China is much higher than the national level, but its comprehensive utilization rate is lower than the national level. Excuse me, how to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw according to the characteristics of Northeast China?

  Liao Xiyuan:On the one hand, the total amount of straw in Northeast China is large, returning to the field is slow and the cost of leaving the field is high. On the other hand, the organic matter content in black land needs to be improved urgently, and farmers have a strong demand for heating in winter. In carrying out straw treatment in Northeast China, we will focus on improving the agricultural level of straw, the specialization level of collection, storage and transportation, the standardization level of comprehensive utilization and the improvement of market utilization level, with fertilizer, feed and fuel utilization as the three main directions, and earnestly do seven enhancements. The first is to strengthen the implementation of responsibilities. Implement the responsibilities of local governments at all levels and production and operation entities, and form a working pattern of joint management and linkage from top to bottom. The second is to strengthen policy support. Further increase support for straw returning to fields, collection, storage and transportation, processing and utilization. The third is to strengthen resource integration. Increase the integration and utilization of project funds, concentrate on the use of funds with other agriculture-related projects, and integrate forces to achieve key breakthroughs. The fourth is to strengthen market leadership. Comprehensive utilization of taxation, finance and other policies to stimulate the vitality of market players, and accelerate the establishment of an industrial utilization mechanism for the stable operation of all aspects of straw storage, storage, transportation and marketing. The fifth is to strengthen regional focus. Focus on key areas, take counties as units, increase project support, and ensure that these places meet the standards first. The sixth is to strengthen performance appraisal. Adopt a third-party assessment mechanism to regularly supervise the implementation of the action plan and promote the implementation of the work. Seventh, strengthen publicity and training. Summarize the typical experience in time, strengthen the model promotion, carry out a series of training at different levels and subject, and make full use of the Internet and other media to publicize the successful experience and good practices of straw treatment in Northeast China.

  Agricultural materials reporter:The straw treatment action in Northeast China proposes to carry out pilot projects in 60 major corn producing counties in Northeast China to promote the introduction of subsidy policies. Is the list of 60 major corn producing counties confirmed? What adjustments will be made to the subsidy policy compared with last year?

  Liao Xiyuan:We propose to carry out demonstration work in 60 counties, but further communication is needed in the northeast, and selection should be made according to procedures. Promote the implementation of the subsidy policy for comprehensive utilization of straw, mainly including straw returning to the field, collection, storage and transportation, processing and utilization. For example, returning farmland needs to subsidize agricultural machinery and farming, and plowing needs to subsidize bundling machinery and specialized organizations. In terms of straw storage, it is necessary to promote the local authorities to introduce a system for the management of protected agricultural land for the temporary storage yard of straw storage, and give certain subsidies to the storage yard with a storage capacity of more than 10,000 tons. In terms of processing and utilization, it is necessary to promote the local power consumption for straw processing to be included in the scope of agricultural power; In the aspect of fuel utilization, it is necessary to support the development of biomass heating and gas supply enterprises, and give subsidies to straw briquette cooking heating stoves.

Give full play to the creative power of hundreds of millions of people

  Author: Sun Min (Deputy Director and Researcher of the Office of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, Supreme Leader of Jiangsu Province)

  When attending the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation to the Second Session of the 14th National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "the whole party and society should be stimulated to create vitality and the entrepreneurial spirit of cadres and officials in party member should be boosted". Creativity is an important power source for the development of individuals, nations and countries. It is the glorious tradition of our party to stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the whole party and the people of all nationalities to participate in socialist modernization to the maximum extent, and it is also the foundation of our party’s long-term governance.

  Adhere to the people’s dominant position and respect the people’s initiative.

  People are the creators of history and the fundamental force to promote the development of history. Marx and Engels pointed out that "activities and thoughts in history are ‘ The masses ’ Thoughts and activities of … … Historical activities are the cause of the masses, and with the deepening of historical activities, it will certainly be the expansion of the masses. " The creators of material wealth and spiritual wealth and the decisive force to promote social change and progress are by no means a few heroes, but the tens of thousands of people in Qian Qian. The reason why Marxism has cross-country and cross-era influence is because it is rooted in the people and points out the right path of relying on the people to promote historical progress.

  For more than a hundred years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has always adhered to and developed the Marxist people’s view, and always maintained the distinctive qualities of Marxist political parties. Comrade Mao Zedong put forward: "Serve the people wholeheartedly and never leave the masses for a moment;" Everything starts from the interests of the people, not from the interests of individuals or small groups; Consistency of being responsible to the people and to the leading organs of the party; These are our starting points. " Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "None of the major tasks put forward by our party has been accomplished without the hard work of the broad masses of people." "I believe that anything that conforms to the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people and is supported by the broad masses of people, no matter how many difficulties there are on the road ahead, will certainly succeed."

  Entering a new era, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "One of the guiding ideology of communist party’s work is to respect the initiative of the masses, and the masses are real heroes." "The mass line essentially embodies the basic principle of Marxism that the people are the creators of history. Only by adhering to this basic principle can we grasp the basic law of historical progress. Only by acting according to the laws of history can we be invincible. History has repeatedly proved that the people are the main force of historical development and social progress. " These important expositions are the expression of the Marxist view of the masses in the new era, which is of great significance for inspiring the whole party and the people of all nationalities to stand at a new starting point and create a new future.

  Practice the mass line, persist in development, and rely on the unity of the people for the sake of people and development.

  The practice of the masses is the most abundant and vivid practice, and there is great wisdom and strength among the masses. For more than 100 years, in the great journey of promoting China’s revolution, construction and reform, adhering to the people’s dominant position and fully mobilizing the people’s enthusiasm have always been the strong foundation for our party to remain invincible and the foundation for our party to govern and rejuvenate the country. During the revolutionary war years, Comrade Mao Zedong creatively applied the Party’s mass line to the field of military war, and made a major conclusion in On Protracted War that "the deepest root of the great power of war lies among the people". It was by widely mobilizing the masses that we finally won the victory of the people’s war. Since the reform and opening up, from the household contract responsibility system initiated by farmers in Xiaogang village, Fengyang county, Anhui province, to the sudden emergence of township enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces with the spirit of "four thousand" … … The pioneering spirit of the people has promoted system innovation and practical exploration again and again, and has become the "motive force" of reform.

  General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "Only by adhering to the people-centered development thought, insisting that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and development results are shared by the people, can we have a correct concept of development and modernization." Marxist concept of development regards people as both the driving force and the goal of development, and the ultimate goal of modernization is to realize the free and all-round development of people. In the new era, our party has been able to ride the wind and waves, withstand the risks and challenges from politics, economy, ideology and nature, and win a series of historic victories, such as the battle against poverty, the battle against the blue sky and the battle against reform, because it has always stood with the people, wanted to be together and worked together, inspiring the wisdom contained in the people and rallying their strength. All great achievements are made by the Party and the people together, which embodies the people’s intelligence, soaks the people’s hard work and sweat, contains the people’s great sacrifice, and shows the people’s spirit of striving for self-improvement and creating a better life.

  Stimulate the entrepreneurial vitality of officers and continuously inject strong impetus into high-quality development.

  The people will always be our greatest reliance to overcome all difficulties and challenges. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "Chinese modernization is the cause of all the people in China, and we must rely on the people closely, gather the infinite wisdom and strength contained in them, and fully stimulate the historical initiative of all the people". Facing the stormy international environment and arduous domestic reform, development and stability tasks, all kinds of risk challenges and difficult problems are more severe and complicated than before. Only by stimulating the enthusiasm of the whole society for innovation and creativity to the maximum extent and constantly cultivating new kinetic energy for development can we open a new world of career development, achieve a new atmosphere of starting, and inject inexhaustible motivation and vitality into promoting high-quality development.

  Do a good job in investigation and study, and consciously learn from the people. Investigation and research is the heirloom of our party and the basic skill of doing all the work well. Unifying the top-level design with the consideration of the people through investigation and research is a valuable experience accumulated by our party in the long-term practice of revolution, construction and reform, and has also become an important principle that must be adhered to in governing the country in the new era. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out in "Rural Survey" that "I must be respectful, hardworking and adopt a gay attitude when I am a student for them, otherwise they will ignore me, keep silent and talk endlessly". The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed, "We should worship the people as teachers, learn from the people, put down our airs, throw ourselves down, be grounded, understand the situation, conduct in-depth investigation and study, dissect sparrows, find typical examples, truly find out the problems faced by the masses, reflect their opinions and sum up the experience created by the masses." In the investigation and study of the whole party, we must adhere to the party’s mass line, consciously learn from the masses, learn from practice, gain a correct understanding from the people’s creative practice, and turn the party’s correct ideas into the conscious actions of the masses.

  Deepen the reform of key areas and stimulate innovation and creation with the system. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the comprehensive deepening of reform, the atmosphere of innovation and creation in the whole society has become more and more intense. Adhering to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China’s modernization needs to stimulate the initiative spirit of "being the first in the world" and protect the indomitable practical courage. We should further deepen the reform of science and technology system, education system, talent system, etc., open up the blocking points that hinder the development of new quality productive forces, play the leading role of innovation in a wider scope, at a higher level and at a deeper level, base ourselves on reality and combine the resource endowments and development characteristics of different regions, and strive to find effective ways to solve new contradictions and problems. Comply with the new trend of the times, the new requirements of practical development and the new expectations of the people, make precise, concerted and sustained efforts, resolutely break down all institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the smooth progress of Chinese modernization, and continue to inject strong momentum into promoting high-quality development and promoting Chinese modernization.

Forever Bowen: How should he be reborn in the spy war after the return?

(This article was first published in "Movie Rising Potential", welcome WeChat to search filmmore for attention)

    1905 movie network exclusive feature After nine years, the real Bourne finally came back. In the past nine years, two films () and three films (), both of which are classic spy films, have been released, and both of them have achieved breakthrough commercial success, but they have not been favored by the goddess of fate in the released market.

    Whether it is the series, Mission Impossible series or the longer 007 series, every new work of the classic spy IP tries to save the audience with something new. For example, Rebecca Ferguson in Mission Impossible 5 is a female version of Ethan Hunt, and the British agent in Ghost Party is no longer fickle. Bourne Bourne 5 also tried to open a brand-new series through changes, and a familiar and slightly unfamiliar Bourne was born.

The first three series of Bourne ultimatum are adapted from the novel of the same name.

New story

    The first three series of Bourne ultimatum are adapted from the novel of the same name, and the stories are all between jason bourne and the CIA. The process of the amnesia agent uncovering the mystery of his own life constitutes a narrative closed loop. Although the first three films of Bourne ultimatum were well-received, the subsequent works lost the support of the original, which cast a shadow on the re-enlightenment.

    As early as 2012, the restart version was released. The producer of Bourne ultimatum 4 used Tony Gilroy, the screenwriter of the original trilogy, as the director and screenwriter, while almost all other creative staff were replaced. jason bourne, who has always been cold and unsmiling, was replaced by a super chatterbox (Jeremy Renner), which caused the new film to lose the style of the original trilogy and disappointed the fans.

 

Directors paul greengrass and Matt Damon of Bourne ultimatum 2&3 return to Bourne ultimatum 5.

    Bourne ultimatum 5 can be said to be another restart of Bourne ultimatum. The return of paul greengrass, director of Bourne ultimatum 2&3, and Matt Damon, jason bourne, is undoubtedly an important guarantee for the return of Bourne ultimatum series. The protagonist of Bourne ultimatum 4 is an agent whose fate is similar to that of jason bourne. From the perspective of drama, it is more like excavating the residual value of the original series, while Bourne ultimatum 5 looks more contemporary, because there are many mappings about Snowden incident and the FBI forcing Apple to leave the back door.

    Without the original support, the Bourne ultimatum series will rely more on real political events. The turmoil in the Middle East and Europe may turn these places into battlefields of Bourne, and jason bourne may travel around the world like 007 and Ethan Hunt.

Alicia vikander plays the ace analyst of the CIA.

New role

    The strong joining of "Mechanical Ji" alicia vikander is undoubtedly a highlight of Bourne ultimatum 5. Wicander plays the ace analyst of the CIA and is the first female opponent that jason bourne faces. In the Bourne ultimatum series, the previous female images were mostly weak wives and good mothers, adorned with male hormone movies like vases. The appearance of Wicander changed the weak position of female roles in one fell swoop, and the confrontation between the two sexes was more tense.

    Highlighting female roles seems to have become a popular change in spy movies. Mission Impossible series usually equip Tom cruise with an IMF team and a wife, and there is always a female agent in the IMF team. In last year’s movie, Ethan Hunt had no wife, and there was no female role in the IMF team. Instead, Rebecca Ferguson played the mysterious female agent. The latter is not only heavy in the scene, but also equally divided with Tom cruise in the action scene, and the relationship with the man, the enemy and the friend has also become a major attraction of the film.

Rebecca Ferguson in Mission Impossible 5 was well received.

    The 007 series, which has always neglected female roles, has also begun to make a fuss about female roles. In "007: Breaking the Sky", the first important task of bond girl is handed over to Judi Dench, and the whole story is centered on her. The mirror image relationship between James Bond and the villain strengthens the drama conflict. Léa Seydoux in "Ghost Party" is undoubtedly the most special of all the female characters in the 007 series. She is neither a femme fatale (such as Eva Green and Sophie Marceau) who defrauded 007′ s feelings, nor a vase that Bond forgot after a one-night stand (too many). She not only reaps the love of British agents, but also has no tragic opponent at the end, which is not romantic like a spy movie.

Face to face 20130602 Cao Zhiyuan: an entrepreneur

  CCTV News: If the entrepreneurial experiences of the three young people in "Chinese Partners" are just movie stories, then the protagonist of this story is real in reality. In Changsha, Hunan, there is a young man named Cao Zhiyuan. He was born in 1985. He once faced the same problem of employment, but in the end he realized the transformation from employment to self-employment. Perhaps his story can make graduates who are struggling to interview see the possibility of the future.

  Live video materials of talent exchange meeting

  Commentary 1: "Kneel down for career and seek talents". At the talent exchange meeting held on the first floor of Hunan Exhibition Hall in March this year, seven men and women in glamorous professional suits held high placards and knelt down collectively. The loud slogan attracted many job seekers. Among them, Cao Zhiyuan, an entrepreneur born in 1985, holds high the placard and calls himself "Brother Comma".

  Reporter: So we saw you kneeling for talents at the job fair. Many people said you were putting on a show.

  Cao Zhiyuan: Actually, this is a mentality, a mentality towards talents.

  Reporter: Are you really willing to kneel on the ground and beg?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I really want to. I feel that as emperor Liu Bei, I have visited Zhuge.

  Reporter: Are you begging for Zhuge Liang like this?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I think this is an attitude. How can Zhuge Liang come after kneeling? Like that job fair, it was also done very well. Half of the backbone of our company now came up through that supplement.

  Commentary 2: In Cao Zhiyuan’s company, we met a post-90s generation recruited this spring. She studied as a tour guide in college, but now she is engaged in attracting investment for corporate customers.

  Office documentary paragraph

  Reporter: What impressed you about the recruitment question he asked you?

  Liu Ye: He asked me what my ideal and goal are.

  Reporter: What’s your answer?

  Liu Ye: I said I want to be the boss.

  Reporter: Say so directly. I’m not afraid that he will say you want to take my place. What shall I do?

  Liu Ye: He is also an entrepreneur, so he knows.

  Reporter: Now I’m a manager of investment promotion here. How much do I earn a month?

  Liu Ye: Four or five thousand a month.

  Reporter: What position do you think you can achieve in this company and your current company?

  Liu Ye: My goal is to take his place.

  Reporter: What position does he hold now?

  Liu Ye: He is now my immediate superior, General Manager Liu of China Merchants Center.

  Reporter: Do you think this goal is far from you?

  Liu Ye: I don’t think it’s far.

  Commentary 3: For the post-90s employees in Cao Zhiyuan’s company, it’s natural to say the word "boss", because Cao Zhiyuan got here step by step by starting his own business. From 2009 to 2012, his company has achieved a turnover of more than 20 million yuan. Back in the summer of 2005, Cao Zhiyuan was still a student at Hunan Biomechanical Vocational and Technical College. This century-old vocational college closely links the specialty setting with the market demand. For the graduates here, it is not too difficult to find a counterpart job. At this time, Cao Zhi still had a year to graduate from a distance, but he began to pay attention to the information in the school employment column.

  Reporter: Did you start preparing for your graduation?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I don’t have much to think about. I’m going to find a good job, because I owe the school tuition for two years. When I go to practice.

  Reporter: How much is it?

  Cao Zhiyuan: About 8,000 yuan.

  Reporter: What level is it among your students, or how long is it equivalent to your parents’ salary?

  Cao Zhiyuan: (At that time) the annual income of our family.

  Reporter: 8,000 yuan is equivalent to the income of your whole family for one year?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right. Then later, my teacher vouched for me. In fact, I am the first one in our class to go out for an internship, especially I am worried. What should I do if I don’t pay the tuition fee when I get my diploma?

  Commentary 4: Due to the difficult family economic conditions, Cao Zhiyuan planned to find a job when he was internship. He majored in computer network, but his academic performance was not outstanding. There is only one course called CAD drawing, that is, computer-aided design. He is not only interested, but also has outstanding academic achievements. So he went to Suzhou alone, hoping to find a job as an interior decoration designer in the talent market. For this reason, he also carefully produced more than 20 pages of resume.

  Reporter: You don’t have such a major and experience. Why do you have the confidence to apply for these interior decoration designers?

  Cao Zhiyuan: He said you could come to work. I said, can I really? He said yes. Three months without pay,

  Reporter: At that time, did you ever think about putting up with it, carrying it, and maybe getting through it?

  Cao Zhiyuan: At that time, my pocket was more than 100 yuan, and I couldn’t carry it. I ran to the talent market and got a three-dollar ticket. I slipped in.

  Commentary 5: Seven days have passed, and the job has not yet settled. At this time, Cao Zhiyuan is already cash-strapped. If he can’t find a job again, he will soon face a serious survival problem.

  Reporter: constantly looking for a job and being rejected?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Later, when I ran to the fifth decoration company, the boss of the decoration company said that I thought you should still do business well. When I was still hesitating, the boss said something that made me quite happy. He said 600 yuan a month’s salary.

  Reporter: At that time, there was a starting salary standard for college students, at least 1,000 yuan, and I would take this job, but you only earned 600 yuan?

  Cao Zhiyuan: But I think it’s good. I think I can sell myself. I think I can grow up in this environment. I said I want to be a boss in the future.

  Reporter: How dare you say this?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I said that I felt that I dared to pay. For example, when I was doing this business, I went home from 8: 30 in the morning to 10: 00 in the evening for 280 days, 365 days a year.

  Commentary 6: With the idea of being a boss in the future, Cao Zhiyuan chose to become a sales clerk of a decoration company. While solving the problem of survival, he also took the first step towards society, and this experience of finding a job in Suzhou directly affected Cao Zhiyuan’s employment one year later. In the summer of 2006, Cao Zhiyuan officially graduated, and he still chose to enter a local decoration company in Changsha as a sales salesman.

  Reporter: Do you still have that first good attitude at that time? Do you want a down-to-earth attitude from scratch?

  Cao Zhiyuan: For example, I have a designer. I hurt his hand at that time, but he pulled a little bit. He didn’t have a band-aid. I just ran at the fastest speed, and it took five minutes to go back and forth. According to normal, if we walked that road, it would take 40 minutes. I would go back and forth for five minutes that day to solve it. After I got a band-aid, that was the only thing. My brother, he was a designer.

  Reporter: How did you think of doing this?

  Cao Zhiyuan: After helping more people, it seems that there are fewer difficult things, which is why I may have started to integrate into the team at that time. Since then, I feel that either the boss is paying me or the team is paying me.

  Commentary 7: With this mentality that losing is a blessing, coupled with personal diligence and hard work, one year after graduation, Cao Zhiyuan soon became the sales salesman with the highest gold content in the decoration company, and his income also rose.

  Reporter: What changed you?

  Cao Zhiyuan: It’s very simple. When I was paid in sales, when I passed 10,000 yuan a month, you know what that feeling was. I’ve never seen so much money in my family. I can earn so much in a month now. From then on, I felt that people’s self-confidence was there. 

  Reporter: How much did your colleagues earn at that time?

  Cao Zhiyuan: My colleagues are basically 3000, 4000 and 5000.

  Reporter: Why is it so much worse than you?

  Cao Zhiyuan: This is also closely related to my own knowledge. After arriving at this construction site in the morning, the first thing to do is to clean the construction site.

  Reporter: But in fact, these things are not your business as a sales person, are they?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right. Just do it slowly and carefully.

  Commentary 8: Less than three years after graduation, Cao Zhiyuan has achieved the position of marketing director in Changsha’s home improvement sales industry. When his performance is good, he can get 30,000 yuan a month. But at this time, he felt dissatisfied and moved the idea of starting his own business.

  Reporter: You have already achieved this position in this industry. Why do you want to start your own business?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Some friends around me are successful as bosses, and then they feel that they still have the style of being their own bosses.

  Reporter: What is the boss’s style?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I believe that when I was a marketing director, for example, I had 60 or 70 salespeople below me. When they first joined the company, they got a basic salary of 800 or 1,000 yuan. After three months, I could let them get a salary of 6,000, 7,000 yuan, 4,000 yuan and 5,000 yuan a month.

  Reporter: Do you think you have leadership skills?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right. It was also a coincidence that I got into what I did today.

  Reporter: What coincidence?

  Cao Zhiyuan: A Owner’s Manual.

  Commentary 9: Anyone who has bought a house knows that when handing over a house, they will receive an Owner’s Manual, which is usually produced by a real estate company or property management company, and only contains the instructions on the use of the house and the owners’ civilized convention. In 2008, Cao Zhiyuan discovered business opportunities from the Owner’s Manual of a local building in Changsha.

  Cao Zhiyuan: I said that your back cover is a blank place. Can you put my brand on it?

  Reporter: Don’t you want him to advertise for your company for free? How can it be so cheap?

  Cao Zhiyuan: The owner didn’t need to spend a penny to get this manual. The property management company and the real estate company themselves had to spend money to make this book. Our merchant thought it was a good way, so he sponsored it himself. I think the business opportunity came at that time.

  Commentary 10: Cao Zhiyuan immediately started to design and print the first Owner’s Manual, and hired a designer temporarily. However, when printing, the color of the design was difficult to print, and no designer was responsible for modifying it. In order to achieve the design effect, Cao Zhiyuan stayed in the workshop of the printing plant for two days and two nights.

  Cao Zhiyuan: The delivery time to the property management company was three hours late. The general manager of that property management company was about to call the police. The first thing he did after seeing me was to scold. He said, What did you do? Why are you such a person?

  Reporter: How do you feel when you hear people say that about you and have doubts about your character?

  Cao Zhiyuan: It was me. At that time, I felt quite wronged.

  Reporter: It’s very difficult for a big man to keep asking for help and give you smiling faces, don’t you think?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Actually, no one wants to ask for help, but I can try my best.

  Commentary 11: The first "Owner’s Manual" made by stumbling made Cao Zhiyuan make a net profit of more than 30,000 yuan, and finally strengthened his determination to start a business. In 2009, he set up his own cultural media company, and the first Owner’s Manual became a cultural symbol of this company.

  Documentary paragraph of company design wall

  Reporter: Are all the owners’ manuals of this wall made by you now?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right. They are all owners’ manuals that have been made.

  Reporter: I especially saw this. In 2008, your first owner’s manual came out, which was very ceremonial. This is the owner’s manual that brought you that first bucket of gold. Can we have a look?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right.

  Reporter: Now that you are reading this book, how many points can you give it?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I don’t know anything. I think it’s quite good to be able to make such a level.

  Reporter: Can you score 80 points?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Yes.

  Commentary 12: The Owner’s Manual hanging on a whole wall witnessed the course of Cao Zhiyuan’s entrepreneurship. However, at the beginning of his entrepreneurship, the difficulties were much greater than expected, the start-up capital was less, and the office environment was poor, which made it difficult for people to see hope. Therefore, three core members of Cao Zhiyuan’s company chose to leave shortly after its establishment.

  Reporter: What did you do when those three people left you?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I’m just wondering if these two people, the rest of me, are going to leave soon. | I just want to tell him which customers are going to sign the bill soon, how many achievements are going to be made soon, and this company is going to change its office furniture and have a good office soon.

  Reporter: When you draw these cakes, do you have a bottom in your heart?

  Cao Zhiyuan: No bottom. But I dare say.

  Reporter: What if you don’t worry about these promises not being fulfilled?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Actually, what I did today, I think it can be done for a long time, this toothpick industry.

  Reporter: Why do you call this industry the "toothpick" industry?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Actually, before this industry, the bosses of many property companies and real estate developers said that we all want to do this model. Although this is a toothpick, it may become an abalone industry in the future.

  Commentary 13: To make toothpicks into abalone industry, Cao Zhiyuan used this idea to inspire himself and his employees. The company gradually started, with sales of 5 million in the first year, but at the same time, their development model began to be imitated and copied by others.

  Reporter: but I think if I were in Changsha, if I saw your model, I would set up a company like this immediately.

  Cao Zhiyuan: When I started my business less than a year ago, there were several local people with advertising experience and people with decoration experience who came to do my job. At that time, he just neglected one thing. He neglected to get the property. At this time, I don’t need to make a profit. I just need to take down all the good properties in Changsha and this good property.

  Reporter: Why do property companies cooperate with you?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I have industry experience, and I can do a lot of services for my customers, external services and free policy services.

  Commentary 14: While serving customers well, Cao Zhiyuan also played his professional specialty in university — — Computer network, developed a "wireless 3G decoration video e-pass" system, through the wireless camera set in the decoration site, the owner can easily monitor the decoration site with a computer or smart phone.

  Documentary paragraph before computer

  Reporter: Do their owners need to pay for this?

  Cao Zhiyuan: No need.

  Reporter: How do you make money?

  Cao Zhiyuan: First of all, before I open the open space next time, there is a 30-second advertising time in front. This is a part, and we have another part. For example, in the website, there is a lot of professional knowledge to serve the new house owners. At this time, there are many brand names of businesses, and we can also participate in this piece. Therefore, only in this way can we let our new house owners not pay for it, and the decoration company does not need to pay for it, so we can install it for free.

  Reporter: How many cameras do I need to decorate my house?

  Cao Zhiyuan: For example, if this one has two rooms and two halls, there are three cameras installed. This function is.

  Reporter: We are monitoring in real time, right?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Yes, real-time monitoring.

  Reporter: at this moment, this house is like this, 360-degree ring.

  Cao Zhiyuan: Right.

  Reporter: Does this have a dead end? Will there be a dead angle for watching?

  Cao Zhiyuan: There won’t be, you see, rotatable.

  Reporter: You are only 28 years old now. You are so young that you have a lot of wealth that people who are 58 years old may have. Do you feel that you came too early and too fast? What should you do with your future?

  Cao Zhiyuan: Why do I bring so many post-90s assistants? In fact, it is for the sake of three years and five years. Maybe we will study more independent innovation, more models and more toothpicks into abalone industry chain.

  Reporter: Maybe for many college students, they will also think that they can’t find a job now. For example, this year, in the face of such a large number of 6.99 million, the highest number in ten years, will you encourage them to start a business?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I think we should use the right attitude to get employment first.

  Reporter: What do they lack most?

  Cao Zhiyuan: I think the most lacking is experience. This kind of experience is very valuable. In fact, once you become a boss in the future, it is difficult for you to move your identity to the position of an employee and then go to work.

  Moderator: I asked Cao Zhiyuan a question during the interview. Do you think you can find a job if you graduate this year? He hesitated and didn’t answer. Indeed, this summer, there will be 6.99 million college graduates across the country, which is the largest number of graduates over the years. Most of them were born in 1990. As the first batch of post-90s generation, their first step into society is not as smooth as expected, because they are facing the "most severe employment season in history".

  We often say that it is difficult to find a job. In fact, there are also the problems of choosing a job and starting a business that requires courage, wisdom and vision. Calm your mind and start from a low point, which will make your every step solid and powerful; Open up your mind and look for opportunities, which will make your prospects full of infinite possibilities. Perhaps not everyone can follow Cao Zhiyuan’s experience, but such entrepreneurial stories actually happen around us every day. Thanks for watching Face to Face. I wish all graduates a bright future. See you next week!