标签归档：西安品茶论坛

A brief history of music ｜ Regretful death, the glory of future generations! Bizet never witnessed it with his own eyes.

Carmen, the composer Bicai’s opera, is one of the highest achievements of French opera in the 19th century. Strong dramatic conflicts and touching music make Carmen popular all over the world, and it is still one of the masterpieces with the highest performance rate in the contemporary opera stage.

In the second half of 19th century, a kind of "lyric opera" between "grand opera" and "comic opera" gradually replaced the dominant position of French grand opera. Most lyric operas choose touching stories, and some familiar love stories have become opera themes. Bicai’s Carmen is the work of this period.

Carmen is adapted from French realist writer Merimee’s novella Garman, which tells the love story of Carmen and officer Don Hauser in gypsy woman.

On March 3, 1875, "Carmen" ushered in the opening night at the Opera House in Paris, but the effect was not satisfactory. At that time, some critics thought that the music of Carmen was dull and boring, and stories such as gypsies and soldiers should not be put on the stage, especially the independent and uninhibited character of the heroine Carmen ran counter to the mainstream thought at that time. Facing the criticism, Bicai, a composer, was so frustrated that he even called the opera Carmen a "100% desperate failure", so he lingered painfully in the streets of Paris all night.

Surprisingly, however, the opera Carmen was highly praised by contemporary Saint-Sang, Tchaikovsky and Debussy. Saint-Sang and Tchaikovsky predicted that "in ten years, it will become the most popular opera in the world".

However, Bicai failed to wait until this day. After the failure of the premiere of Carmen, Bicai became ill from then on. Only three months later, he died of illness at the age of 37. It was once said that Bicai died of depression because of excessive grief, but serious music historians have repeatedly corrected those sentimental statements, and they gave more objective reasons: heavy smoking made Bicai’s health poor for a long time, and he was diagnosed with throat disease and suffered from it very early. When writing Carmen, Bicai was already very weak. After many heart attacks, heart failure finally took his life.

Only one year after Bizet’s death, the performance of Carmen has gradually improved, and the meticulous description of the characters’ psychology, criticism of social reality and exotic life scenes in the drama have been loved by people. With the passage of time, the artistic value of Carmen has gradually become prominent and has become a long-lasting classic.

Source: CCTV Variety Show

Reconstruction of Local History in China Ancient History

Author: Lan Yong (Professor, School of History and Culture, Southwest University)

In ancient China, there were two kinds of history, one as science and the other as culture. The former is carried out under the basic norms of traditional history for the purpose of restoring objective history. As a culture, history mainly comes from cultural demands. Under the background of the principle of "big things are not empty, small things are not limited", we should enrich and reconstruct some historical details according to our own subjective imagination. In the history of China, the reconstruction of local history played a great role in the historical gestation of culture.

The concept of "reconstruction of local history"

The recording of historical documents is often a process of "historical reconstruction", and the author records history according to his own identification of historical facts and evaluation of its nature, which is itself a reconstruction of history. In the traditional period, historical research mainly focused on grand historical narrative, and the reconstruction content of the main narrative of traditional historical research was mostly the merits and demerits of emperors and generals far away from the bottom of society and the right and wrong of upper-level institutional policies, which appeared through the face of official history and official history books. Official history and official history books often only provide a grand historical narrative or historical space construction, without paying attention to the historical details of local China. Therefore, the study of local China needs to supplement and enrich the grand historical narrative and historical space construction in the local history. In this process, the local China not only supplements and enriches the main narrative with objective historical facts, but also often realizes this reconstruction by fiction and speculation. In other words, the "reconstruction" here is also a kind of "fiction" and "fabrication". This is the connotation of "reconstruction of local history" discussed in this paper.

The author finds that "reconstruction of local history" is the most important in the historical manufacturing process as a culture, and it often becomes a cultural event in local China. In 2019, the author first put forward the discourse of "reconstruction of local history" in the article "Elegance of place names or Miscall of place names —— Reflections on the evolution of the names of two pieces of river stones in Chongqing in history", and later, through the two articles "Reconstruction of China’s traditional local history from the perspective of Jinniu Road", "The phenomenon of sages everywhere in China history" and the reconstruction of traditional local history, Here, we can further analyze the types, paths, reasons and influences of China’s "reconstruction of local history" in history, which is not only the need of historical research cognition, but also the need of cognitive reality of "reconstruction of local history".

Types of "Reconstruction of Local History"

"Reconstruction of local history" can be divided into four types: reconstruction of deeds of former sages, refinement of historical events and systems, attachment of historical place names and repositioning of mountains and rivers.

The reconstruction of the deeds of former sages is often to refine the deeds of former sages in their native land or in their native land, especially through the evolution of "landscape manufacturing" and "regional generalization", so that details become an important part of local history. For example, there are many dishes named "Dongpo" and "Zhuge" and a lot of food stories about the stories and relics of the sages such as Dayu, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and Su Dongpo, which are not credible, but they exist as cultural history. Similarly, the story of Zhuge Liang preparing a post is a typical case of "landscape making" in the belief of the sages in the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the fourth year of Song Jiayou (1059), Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian met in Sibo Township, Yibin, which is a typical case of "Guan Gong fighting Qin Qiong". There are similar cases in Guizhou. In history, there are many relics of Yelang Wang in Guizhou, but most of them are attached by later generations. For example, the Yelang King Town in Changshun County is actually a wasteland site in the Ming Dynasty, which is not directly related to Yelang King.

The refinement of historical events and systems is often reconstructed under the principle of "big things are not empty, small things are not limited". "No matter what the big events are, no matter what the small ones are" is the principle of historical novel creation, but it often becomes the principle of "reconstruction of local history". For example, regarding Zhuge Liang’s expedition to the south of China, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms reconstructs Meng Huo, the most famous Han Chinese in the south of China, and not only reshapes Meng Huo into a leader of ethnic minorities, but also makes the story of Meng Huo’s seven escapes and seven runs widely circulated among the people. Up to now, there are many Menghuo City and Menghuo Temple in Southwest China. During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty, the uprisings of Li Yonghe and Lan Chaoding had a great influence on Sichuan, with many records in historical documents and vivid folk stories, but most of them lacked historical science. For example, it is said that after Li Yonghe arrived in Niuzhai from Tunshang, he immediately made an alliance by burning incense in Niuzhai and chose 10 concubines. This may not be true history, but many local people believe in it.

The attachment of historical place names is also an important part of the reconstruction of local history. In the history of China, place names not only have the basic function of orientation, but also have powerful cultural functions. Speculation in the textual research of place names often reflects traditional cultural demands. Looking at the naming hypothesis of Chongqing for 500 years, we can see that the process of "reconstruction of local history" continued until modern times. Imagination and speculation are often mixed with scientific history. Fictional local history not only appears in some traditional "rustic Confucianism", but also some literary and historical experts have become practitioners of speculation on the meaning of place names in "reconstruction of local history". For example, the elegant evolution of geographical names from Wugui Stone, Tortoise Stone to Fugui Stone, Marble Stone to Birthday Stone in history is also the result of the reconstruction of many local literati in past dynasties.

In the reconstruction of local history, the repositioning of mountains and rivers is also an important type. In ancient China, the cognition of geographical space was mostly a kind of "virtual space cognition", such as the positioning expression "How many miles is a certain mountain (river) in the north (east, west, north and south)" in the traditional geographical cognition of China. If the mountains and rivers do not have obvious and special humanistic and natural signs, it is often difficult for future generations and outsiders to re-use this positioning expression to accurately recognize specific geographical points. In the period of social unrest, there is often a "geographical name inheritance fault", which leads to more cognitive errors if there is no guidance from predecessors who can locate it, and many passes, mountains and post stations in the previous generation are relocated, but their previous positions are forgotten by history and cannot be found. The author calls this phenomenon of collective displacement of place names "geographical cognitive translocation", which can also be called "overall drift of place names" From the methodological point of view, it can also be called "the reconstruction of mountains and rivers". For example, through the study of some important place names in southwest China in recent years, the author found that Shimen, Wupanguan, Tandu Mountain (Guan), Big and Small Mantianling, Chubiyi, Chijiashan, Baiyanshan, Twelve Peaks of Wushan, Guyunshan and Liangjiao Mountain all lost their location in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and the reconstructed location was completely different from that in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

The Path of "Reconstruction of Local History"

In the "reconstruction of local history" in China’s ancient history, the general principle is "big things are not empty, small things are not limited", and the reconstructed history is often supported by a grand real historical background, but the specific path can be divided into three levels: oral legend manufacturing, oral legend text, oral legend and text legend landscape.

The first level is oral legend making, which is the lowest level of historical reconstruction. Historically, almost all the historical narratives of the early subjects were passed down orally. For example, the descriptions of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors in the early days were mostly passed down from generation to generation orally. In rural areas, there are many oral histories, and there are still a lot of oral historical legends. For example, in history, there was an oral legend of Zhuge Liang who captured Meng Huo seven times, but later in Yunnan, there was an oral legend of Zhuge Liang who captured Meng Huo seven times, and none of them were recorded in the text. In the research on the acquisition of imperial wood in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the author found that the history of the Ye family’s wood acquisition was only spread among the local people, and it was not recorded in the text.

The second level is the textual legend, which is more common in the later period of traditional society. Many local histories that have been passed down for a long time are often recorded in local chronicles, genealogy, documents and inscriptions. In people’s general cognition, records in black and white are often more likely to convince people of their authenticity. For example, since the Qing Dynasty, the folk song "Shi Niu vs. Shigu", which is related to the legend of Zhang Xianzhong Jiangkou’s sinking silver, has been circulated in the oral records of Chengdu, Zigong, Jianyang, Pengshan, Nanchong, Hejiang, Dianjiang, Zhongjiang and Yibin, and has entered various texts. The phenomenon of "Xiaogan in Macheng" everywhere in the migration movement of "Huguang filling Sichuan" was originally a phenomenon of "impersonation", and many of them were recorded in genealogical texts.

The third level is the landscape of oral legends and text legends. The landscape of historical memory is the most important path in the reconstruction of local history, but it is also the most deceptive path. In people’s cognition, landscape testimony is often more convincing than written records, especially after historical precipitation of landscape manufacturing, people are more convinced of its authenticity. Therefore, all kinds of landscape relics such as Zhuge Tai, Dongpo Well and Valley Slope, as well as the names of places and things containing historical allusions (such as Zhuge Cai and Dongpo Meat) in the reconstruction of local history have an empirical effect like historical evidence for the general public.

Discrimination of "Reconstruction of Local History"

In the ancient history of China, the reasons that influenced the "reconstruction of local history" were quite complicated, which made the authenticity and scientificity of "reconstruction of local history" different. Generally speaking, fiction in "reconstruction of local history" can be divided into two categories: objective speculation reconstruction and subjective fiction reconstruction. In terms of subdivision, the objective speculative reconstruction in the "reconstruction of local history" mainly means that the reconstructor is subjectively unaware of his own cognitive deviation or error due to the limitation of knowledge background and technical conditions, such as the location reconstruction of many historical place names. However, the reconstruction of subjective fiction in "reconstruction of local history" is often subjectively made up for the political demands of ancient countries, the Chinese identity of local society and the utilitarian achievements of the people.

From the perspective of political demands of ancient countries, for the purpose of maintaining the order of the country, the rulers abolished many local "obscenities" and conferred a large number of officially recognized idols of worship, such as Guan Gong, Zhuge Liang, Jiang Shui, Minshan Mountain and Mount Tai, which were conferred by the government in history. The most important cultural orientation of native China is to integrate into China. Therefore, the fictional reconstruction of many native sages’ deeds in history is an important way to bring Chinese historical celebrities into their hometown to seek Chinese identity. Therefore, the ancient local literati in China often enjoyed the reconstruction of local history.

However, in the history of China, many legends and stories handed down from generation to generation are often true historical scenes. Due to the lack of historical documents, they can only be circulated in the form of legends and stories, which are often mixed with many fictions and speculations of "reconstruction of local history", making it difficult for people to distinguish them. For example, the legend of sinking silver in the mouth of Zhang Xianzhong River, the legend of logging by the Ye family in Hanyuan, etc., although no documentary records have been found, they have been proved to be true scenes in history through on-the-spot excavation.

Then, how to distinguish the fictional scene in the "reconstruction of local history" from the real scene spread in the form of legends and stories because of the lack of historical documents has become a great responsibility of historians. In China’s "reconstruction of local history", once the oral fictional legend has the process of "landscape manufacturing", especially after two stages of "regional generalization" and "time precipitation", the fictional legend will often gradually become "faithful history", that is to say, after hundreds of years of precipitation, the fictional historical scene will make the history as a culture and the history as a science intertwined and difficult to distinguish between true and false, thus affecting the current social and historical cognition and misleading people. In today’s rural society, many fictional legends, especially those supported by historical landscapes, are often not marked by "legend" or "legend" in language expression, but are already convinced from the subconscious mind.

As a historian, we first shoulder the responsibility of distinguishing the nature of history as a science and historical remains as a culture in the reconstruction of local history, and then improve the reliability of historical research as a science. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to strip those parts of the reconstruction of local history from the chaotic historical phenomena and find the original and true historical scenes as much as possible. Secondly, in the real society, historians can’t completely ignore the historical remains that have been precipitated by history as culture, because such remains are often historical witnesses of various cultural backgrounds in historical periods and important historical and cultural resources, which need to be respected. Finally, historians also need to guide and standardize all kinds of practitioners who are carrying out "reconstruction of local history" and mark many fictions and fabrications, so that history as a culture and history as a science are naturally different.

Source: China Social Sciences Network-China Social Sciences News

Hangzhou Asian Games ｜ National Table Tennis ＂Dominates＂ the Dark Horse in the Olympic Games, making a historical breakthrough.

Xinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, October 3rd (Reporter Tian Guangyu, Liu Jinhui, Niu Mengtong) On October 2nd, the table tennis competition of Hangzhou Asian Games ended in the gymnasium of Gongshu Canal Sports Park in Hangzhou, and Guoping won six gold medals outside the women’s doubles event. Although it failed to win the gold medal in two consecutive Asian Games, table tennis still showed its strong dominance in five Olympic events. In addition to the traditional strong teams of China, Japan and South Korea, Iran, India, Thailand and other teams also performed brilliantly in this tournament, making a historic breakthrough, and the Asian table tennis world is thriving.

On September 26th, members of China team who won the men’s table tennis team in Hangzhou Asian Games celebrated on the podium. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

Compared with table tennis in Paris Olympic Games, there is no doubles in the team competition of Hangzhou Asian Games, and men’s and women’s doubles are separate events. As the "senior high school entrance examination" for preparing for the Paris Olympics, Guoping’s performance in the five events of men’s and women’s groups, men’s and women’s singles and mixed doubles is particularly important.

The men’s and women’s teams in China played the triumphant song all the way from the group stage, and all reached the summit with five 3-0 matches, achieving eight consecutive championships and five consecutive championships in the Asian Games respectively. In terms of singles, Fan Zhendong and Wang Chuqin, the top two players in the world, won the men’s singles competition and joined the finals. Sun Yingsha beat Hayata Hina, the Japanese main player, in the women’s singles final, and kept winning 11 games against her opponent. In the mixed doubles event surrounded by strong enemies, China joined forces in the final, and Wang Chuqin/Sun Yingsha defended the Asian Games after defending the World Table Tennis Championships in Durban.

On September 26th, China team members who won the women’s table tennis team in Hangzhou Asian Games celebrated on the podium. Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Peng photo

In two non-Olympic events, Guoping showed a happy and a worried performance. Fan Zhendong/Wang Chuqin showed great technical strength in the men’s doubles final, and won the championship by beating the Korean group Zhang Yuzhen/Lin Zhongxun in just 32 minutes. Sun Yingsha/Manyu Wang and Chen Meng/Wang Yidi, both women’s doubles teams, stopped in the quarter-finals, and China missed the medal in this event.

Although the loss in women’s doubles was unexpected, it also sounded the alarm for national table tennis, but it had little impact on the situation of the Paris Olympic Games. In the Olympic table tennis team competition, each team has only three players and adopts the best-of-five system, including four singles and one doubles. Because there are far more singles than doubles, doubles are usually paired by two singles players. Among the opponents who beat the women’s doubles in table tennis, the Japanese combination Miyo Muhara/Miyo Zhang is still young, and it is not known whether they can play the main role in singles in the strong Japanese women’s team in the short term, while the doubles strength of the Indian combination Sutil Ta/Aisika mainly comes from the "strange board" cooperation, and their singles ability is not enough to pose a threat.

In addition to the gold medal, the excellent performance of many national table tennis players in the intensive schedule is also worthy of recognition. Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha, who are also four events, started the "Devil’s Race" after the team competition, and played 10 games each in three days from September 28th to 30th. In the end, Wang Chuqin became the "four gold kings", and Sun Yingsha also won three gold medals, which proved that the two "post-00 s" were worthy of great responsibilities in the national table tennis team.

On October 2nd, Wang Chuqin celebrated his victory after the game. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

When talking about the concurrent experience, Sun Yingsha said: "Because the events I participate in are different, it is very important to change my energy during the day. For example, my position in mixed doubles and women’s doubles is different, which requires mental adjustment and strain."

In this Asian Games, Japan and South Korea are still the strongest opponents of table tennis.

The Japanese women’s team, which was composed entirely of "post-00 generation", played well, and staged a peak confrontation with the China women’s team in the team final, playing what Ma Lin, the head coach of the national table tennis women’s team, thought was "the most intense match in recent times". Hayata Hina, the number one Japanese women’s singles, was in a hot state. She defeated the second seed Wang Yidi of China 4-3 in the semi-final and lost to Sun Yingsha to win the silver medal in the final. 19-year-old Miyo Muhara and 15-year-old Benmei Zhang, together with this young partner, beat China’s Sun Yingsha/Manyu Wang in the women’s doubles quarter-final and finally won the bronze medal in the women’s doubles. There is no doubt that this young Japanese women’s team will be the strongest opponent of China women’s team in the future.

On October 1st, Hayata Hina was in the competition. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

Although there is no doubt about the strength of the Japanese men’s team, it seems that they have won the "quarter-finals" and "Iran team" in this competition. The men’s team was unexpectedly eliminated by Iran in the quarter-finals, while the only remaining Panasonic Daxing/and Chuan Ruiji lost to Iranian brothers Aramian/Aramian in the men’s doubles quarter-finals. Zhang Benzhihe, who had high hopes, first lost to China’s Lin Gaoyuan/Wang Yidi in the mixed doubles quarter-final with Hayata Hina, and then suffered a cramp in the men’s singles quarter-final, which was reversed. In the end, the Japanese men’s team ended the journey of the Asian Games.

In recent years, the Korean team has been deeply involved in doubles events and gained a lot in this Asian Games. Tian Zhixi/Shen Yubin won the gold medal in women’s doubles, Zhang Yuzhen/Lin Zhongxun won the silver medal in men’s doubles, and Lin Zhongxun/Shen Yubin and Zhang Yuzhen/Tian Zhixi won two bronze medals in mixed doubles for South Korea. Although the South Korean team, which is weak in singles, seems to be lame, it is expected to make a breakthrough in doubles and make a difference in the Paris Olympic Games.

In addition, some "non-traditional strong teams" have sprung up in this Asian Games and made historic breakthroughs. Aramian and Aramian, brothers, won the first bronze medal in men’s doubles in the Asian Games for Iran. The Iranian men’s team led by them eliminated the Japanese team and won the bronze medal in the men’s team again after 65 years. Indian women’s doubles Sutil Tower/Aisika won the first bronze medal of Indian women’s doubles in the Asian Games. The bronze medal of the Thai women’s team also created the history of table tennis in Thailand.

On September 26th, Iran, the third runner-up of men’s table tennis team in Hangzhou Asian Games, was on the podium. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Xushe

Petra Sorin, president of ITTF, said: "The table tennis competition in the Asian Games reflects the vigorous development of this sport in Asia. Table tennis is attracting more audiences with its energetic and exciting charm. "

The table tennis competition in Hangzhou Asian Games is not only a venue for table tennis players from various countries (regions) to compete for gold and silver, but also a stage for achieving legendary stories. Malone, the "four-dynasty veteran" of the Table Tennis Asian Games, made a full appearance in the team competition, and "sealed the opponent" five times. After the game, the sentence "This should be my last Asian Games" was a breakthrough. Iranian player Aramian and his teammates created Iranian table tennis history twice. He overcame the difficulties brought by hand diseases and the story of practicing backhand skills was moving …

After the Asian Games, Asian table tennis athletes have looked to Paris, expecting to fly their dreams in the Olympic Games and write a new history of Asian table tennis.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

After five years, who can cross the hill？

This article Source: Time Finance Author: Zhou Jiabao

"If you want to succeed in China, you have to find a general trend. Find the wind and you can take off with one wing. When the general trend is no longer, even Kun Peng can’t fly. " In April 2023, Ma Xiaoyu, vice president of L ‘Oré al China and general manager of high-end cosmetics department, spoke frankly to Time Finance and other media.

In the past five years, influenced by many factors, such as the awakening of consumer awareness, Internet traffic bonus and the upgrading of economic structure, the beauty industry in China has experienced an unprecedented highlight moment.

Statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics show that from 2018 to 2022, the total retail sales of cosmetics in China increased from 261.9 billion yuan to 393.56 billion yuan. In the first half of 2023, the total retail sales of cosmetics in China increased by 8.6% year-on-year to 207.1 billion yuan, which was more than the total retail sales of cosmetics in 2015.

The rapid expansion of the market has made China the largest overseas market for international beauty groups, and also allowed many local beauty companies to taste the fruits of victory. In 2022, more than 30 domestic beauty companies entered the echelon with annual revenue of 1 billion yuan, and the single-brand revenue scale of head enterprises exceeded 5 billion yuan.

However, it is impossible for any industry to stay in a high-speed growth environment. "This wind in China is in the troposphere." Ma Xiaoyu added that the troposphere, with frequent air movements, indicates the complicated and changeable beauty market environment in China.

When the impact of the epidemic "black swan" has not completely dissipated and the Internet traffic dividend has peaked, this uncertainty has become more and more prominent. Although the development of the industry has matured, the consumer demand has always been difficult to meet expectations. After experiencing a rush from 0 to 1, local beauty began to slow down and enter a cyclical adjustment.

We have seen that domestic beauty companies that have gained market share in the past few years have begun to scramble to get out of the comfort zone. Huaxi Bio, Polaiya, shanghai jahwa and other track head players make new decisions at this crossroads. In the short-term interests and long-term benefits, the latter is chosen to seek a more stable chassis to confront possible opportunities and shocks.

Make up lessons for high growth:Beauty industry long slope seeking snow

Entering the adjustment period does not mean that the fast-moving train suddenly loses its kinetic energy.

In the first half of this year, the achievements of domestic beauty companies were still bright. According to industry media statistics, the total revenue of ten local listed beauty companies, such as Huaxi Bio, Polaiya, Betani, shanghai jahwa and Aimeike, exceeded 22.3 billion yuan in half a year, achieving double-digit growth compared with the same period last year. Among them, the revenue scale of Huaxi Bio and Polaiya exceeded 3 billion yuan, setting a record high.

It is worth noting that the latest performance data reflects two new changes in the domestic beauty industry.

On the one hand, domestic beauty companies began to stage a ranking chase, and the scale of head enterprises continued to grow, but the gap was narrowing. In terms of revenue scale, shanghai jahwa, which owns many skin care brands such as Yuze and herborist, still ranks first with 3.629 billion yuan. At the same time, the latest revenue of Polaiya, a latecomer, reached 3.627 billion yuan, only 2 million yuan behind shanghai jahwa. Huaxi Bio, on the other hand, bit behind with a scale of 3.076 billion yuan. Betani’s 2.368 billion yuan is not far from Shuiyang’s 2.29 billion yuan.

On the other hand, the slowdown in growth has become a fact that most enterprises must face. Although some enterprises achieved double-digit growth in the first half of this year, it is still impossible to rule out the influence of low base under the domestic epidemic control factors in the first half of 2022, and the slowdown trend is more obvious than that in 2021.

First look at the revenue growth rate. From the first half of 2021 to the first half of 2023, the year-on-year growth rate of shanghai jahwa’s revenue decreased from 14.26% to 2.3%. The year-on-year growth rate of Huaxi Bio’s revenue decreased from 104.44% to 4.77%; The year-on-year growth rate of Shuiyang’s revenue dropped from 49.94% to 4%; The year-on-year growth rate of Aimeike’s revenue dropped from 161.87% to 64.93%. Looking at the growth rate of net profit, the year-on-year growth rate of Shuiyang shares in the first half of 2021 was 164.48%, while the growth rate in the first half of this year was 72.02%; Betaine’s net profit growth rate dropped from 65.28% in the first half of 2021 to 13.91% in the same period this year.

The change is the result of many factors. The research department of CITIC Securities divides the industrial life cycle of China’s beauty industry into four stages: at present, China’s beauty industry has gone through a period of rapid growth and is in a platform period. After that, there will be the next round of rapid growth and maturity. In the platform period, the uncertainty of the environment faced by domestic beauty cosmetics is prominent. This includes the bottleneck of demand-side consumption upgrading and insufficient consumption willingness; The supply-side traffic dividend is coming to an end, and model innovation is stagnant; Policy-side supply supervision is strict.

In addition, Xu Xiaofang, chief analyst of the agency’s beauty and business, also pointed out that after the "618" in 2021, the return on investment in the primary market declined, the investment momentum declined, and the funds in the primary market began to ebb. It is also at this stage that domestic beauty companies have begun to make up lessons for the high growth in the previous stage and gain momentum for the next stage of development.

Huaxi Bio clearly stated in the financial report that the slowdown in growth rate is the result of the company’s initiative to get rid of the past success path dependence and carry out comprehensive reforms.

Huaxi Bio said, "The external traffic dividend is slowing down, the traffic cost is getting higher, and the superimposed internal organizational structure and operation management need to be further upgraded. In the first half of the year, the company thoroughly examined the business health and took the initiative to make strategic adjustments to slow down the development speed."

Xu Li Squat:Endogenous growth sumLongevism

American financial tycoon Soros once said: "I am not afraid of anything, but I am afraid of uncertainty." Uncertainty will aggravate the vulnerability of enterprises and shorten their life.

How do domestic beauty companies cross the cycle in an uncertain environment?

Dongxing Securities Research Report pointed out that the development process of international beauty products has gone through the development stage of "classic products-classic brands-brand matrix", that is, the brand positioning is established with classic products, and the brand establishes enterprise tonality, while the perfect brand matrix becomes the shield for the beauty products to grow continuously through the cycle.

The constant core and underlying logic of these three development stages is still the product. For example, Estee Lauder’s small brown bottle, L ‘Oré al’s Bose water emulsion, Lancome’s small black bottle and other products have firmly occupied consumers’ minds for decades and are still iterating to support the constantly updated brand story.

In the past few years, the remarkable effect of the big single product strategy of domestic beauty companies such as Huaxi Bio and Polaiya has also confirmed this point. Among them, Runbaiyan, the core brand of Huaxi Bio, has achieved a 20-fold growth in the four years since it entered the C-end market. In 2022, Runbaiyan’s single brand revenue will reach 1.385 billion yuan. In addition, its Quadi’s 5D essence, Mibel’s pink water and blue bandage mask, and muscular brown rice water are active in the platform promotion list.

Huaxi Bio-Runbaiyan’s Large Single Product Series

In this context, increasing investment in R&D system construction and consolidating product strength have become the only way for enterprises to cross the cycle.

The R&D investment of domestic beauty companies in the head is constantly increasing. From 2020 to 2022, Huaxi Bio’s R&D expenditure increased from 94 million yuan to 388 million yuan per year, maintaining its leading position in the industry. Bettini’s R&D investment increased from 63 million yuan to 255 million yuan. While Polaiya increased from 72 million yuan to 128 million yuan. In terms of the number of R&D personnel, Huaxi Bio also has an absolute advantage with 827 R&D personnel, with 391 R&D personnel in Betani and 229 in Polaiya respectively.

Compared with the low R&D expense rate of domestic beauty products, the data in the first half of this year gave the industry enough confidence. The data shows that the R&D expense rates of Huaxi Bio and Betani are as high as 6.07% and 4.6% respectively. And Polaiya, shanghai jahwa, giant creature also exceeded 2%. According to the research report of CITIC Jiantou Securities, the R&D expense ratio of international head beauty enterprises is mainly between 1.5% and 3.5%. According to Dongxing Securities, the highest R&D expense ratio of L ‘Oreal is 3.2%.

Behind betting on R&D is the determination of head enterprises to change from "growth to external environment" to "promoting endogenous growth". Xu Xiaofang pointed out, "In the past, local brands were grabbing traffic, doing marketing, and upgrading new products. Now they have begun to strengthen various solid actions such as personnel training and upgrading, and organizational restructuring."

The operation and management of head enterprises are moving towards the era of refinement. Time Finance learned that since 2020, Huaxi’s biological organization structure has been continuously optimized to promote the refined operation of skin care and other businesses. The front desk has clearly defined career lines and business divisions, and established seven major Chinese-Taiwanese empowerment business departments, including R&D, supply chain and brand building. In 2023, the adjustment is still going on, involving business operation management system, organizational function management system and talent ability model. In addition, Polaiya is also implementing a more refined operation management system, supplemented by the self-driven organization construction of "culture-strategy-mechanism-talent". Pan Qiusheng, Chairman and CEO of shanghai jahwa, also revealed in the previous semi-annual performance meeting that the organization is undergoing internal adjustment to improve its operational efficiency.

When long-term doctrine becomes the consensus of the whole industry, the logic of the capital market to look at domestic beauty is also changing.

Pan Jie, director of consumer investment of Lianjie Qichen Capital, pointed out to Time Finance, "In the upward stage of economy, whoever can tell the story of C-end brand well, grasp consumers’ hearts, implant brand minds and establish a moat of values will be able to seize consumers’ purchasing power. At that time, we will pay more attention to the brands that run out of the C-end, and most of them lack supply chain capabilities. However, in the economic downturn, the consumption power of C-end is weak. At this time, the upstream supply chain facing B-end shows its advantages, and we will go upstream to find enterprises with R&D capabilities and production capacity. Many times, these companies are the foundries of former big brands. "

In Pan Jie’s view, enterprises with product R&D and supply chain capabilities are more resilient to growth, which is linked to long-termism. They can not only meet the changing needs of consumers continuously and quickly, but also have stronger resistance to pressure in an uncertain environment.

Domestic beauty "revival":Return of discourse right in local market

At present, the right to speak of domestic beauty cosmetics in China market is gradually returning.

According to Wanlian Securities, as early as 2021, domestic brands showed the ability to compete with international brands in the market. In 2021, the retail sales of domestic brands in China cosmetics market was 447 billion yuan, while the retail sales of international brands was 500 billion yuan.

In the more specific C-end skin care market, in the past few years, the bioactive components on the fermentation platform such as hyaluronic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and ergothionine of Huaxi Bio, ergothionine, peptide, alcohol A of Polaiya, and plant active components of Betanie with Yunnan characteristics have made consumers aware of the advanced technology of domestic cosmetics.

Domestic enterprises headed by Huaxi Bio, Betani and Polaiya are also breaking through the monopoly of foreign giants, especially in the field of functional skin care. According to the data of Jost Sullivan in 2021, the concentration of head enterprises in the market structure of functional skin care products in China reached 67.5%. Among them, Huaxi Bio-market accounted for 11.6%; The market share of the two major beauty groups from Japan and France is 10.06% and 12.4% respectively.

Although the growth of cosmetics market in China is slowing down, the scale of cosmetics market in China still ranks second in the world, and its growth rate is ahead of the world, which provides an opportunity for China beauty enterprises to "overtake in corners".

According to Jost Sullivan’s data, the compound annual growth rate of cosmetics market in China is 12.0% from 2015 to 2021, while the compound annual growth rate of global cosmetics market is only 2.2% in the same period. According to the research, the cosmetic market in China will reach 1.48 trillion yuan in 2026.

Pan Jie believes that for domestic beauty companies, the next opportunity is still in functional skin care and high-end beauty track. According to Jost Sullivan, from 2022 to 2027, the compound annual growth rate of functional skin care products market in China may be as high as 38.8%. "Most of the international brands that supply the domestic market are produced in China. Domestic beauty companies, especially those that come from raw materials, have greater advantages in the production, efficiency and cost of core components. Research and development of this piece must adhere to long-term. " Pan Jie said.

According to the analysis of Dongxing Securities, China has been in the international leading position in the fields of synthetic biological preparation of recombinant collagen, rare ginseng and saponin. Domestic brands began mass production of recombinant collagen skin care products in 2009 before international brands. It has a strong leading edge in the research and development, production and application of recombinant collagen.

Judging from the concrete results of the enterprise, Huaxi Bio entered the synthetic bio-track in 2018 on the basis of absolute leadership of hyaluronic acid. As of June 30th, Huaxi Bio, which has 121 R&D projects on raw materials and synthetic biology, has achieved rapid iteration of synthetic biological production strains in the first half of the year, and the trial production of recombinant collagen, lipopeptide, enzymatic sialic acid and other products has been completed, and more than 10 products have entered the pilot stage. In the first half of the year, Huaxi Bio listed BioyouthTM-EGTPure ultra-pure ergothionine and HybloomTM micro-truth, which greatly improved the production efficiency.

Huaxi Bio revealed that in the second half of this year, the company’s sterile HA (hyaluronic acid) production line is expected to be officially put into use, further consolidating its leading position in the top-end market of hyaluronic acid. At the same time, Hainan Huaxi Biotechnology Industrial Park (Phase I) will also be officially opened, which will help promote the layout of Huaxi Bio in medical devices, regenerative medicine and international business.

China’s domestic beauty cosmetics have obviously begun to tear off the parity label, and started a war about "leading the future" with international beauty cosmetics.

That is, on this day, brunson completed the great cause that no one can match in the 33-year history of the Knicks! 4 years, 104 million over-value.

New york Knicks is undoubtedly the most surprising team in the East this season, not even one! The Knicks, led by brunson, Randall and Barrett, won 47-35 in the regular season and lost to the fifth place in the East. One year later, they entered the Eastern Conference playoffs. Their opponent in the first round was the same young Cleveland Cavaliers. The last time the team entered the playoffs was back when LeBron James was a Cavaliers player in 2017-18, and it was five years before they could return to the playoffs.

Therefore, from the playoff experience of both sides, the Knicks are an absolute advantage. Newly-joined Jay brunson has fully proved his strength in last season’s playoff, not only helping the lone ranger to reach the playoff, but also helping Dancsics to reach the Western Conference finals. After he left this season, the lone ranger didn’t even have a chance to enter the playoffs directly, which shows how much influence it has on the lone ranger! Moreover, Randall, Barrett and Derek Ross are all fighting in the playoffs and have some experience in the playoffs. But even so, the Knicks are still a team that didn’t get the chance to qualify. The Knicks still firmly believe that the young knights can the legendary swordsman in this round of series!

However, the Knicks, who never believed in evil, directly knocked out their face of belittling people in the G1 war between the two teams. The two teams played four quarters, and finally the Knicks narrowly won 101:97, and the Cavaliers directly got off to a good start. Being able to steal the Cleveland Cavaliers’ home victories and benefits is enough to prove the Knicks’ super fighting power, and even make people feel disapprovingly wild at the Cavaliers’ home. The G-2 Cavaliers woke up from a rude awakening, while drawing lessons from G-1′ s failure, they also defended their home court dignity, so they got up the courage to win the home court defense, defeated the Knicks 107-90, successfully pulled back a city and rewritten the series as 1-1.

G3 moving from home to Knicks is a brand-new attempt for Knicks and Cavaliers, and a brand-new arena and a brand-new atmosphere is a brand-new journey! For the Cavaliers, it is necessary to try to get back the lost home court advantage. It is necessary for the Knicks to maintain the dignity of the home court, overwhelm the visiting Cavaliers with more fierce momentum, and firmly grasp the initiative of the series in their hands! Because they want not only the first round of the playoffs, but also the Eastern Conference semifinals and even the Eastern Conference finals.

After G3 returned to the team, the Knicks really took on a new look. Although the offensive in the first quarter was not smooth and almost made the team dumb, in the second quarter, the two quickly recovered their feelings. When they scored 28 points in a single quarter, they even divided the Cavaliers into 15 points. In this way, they took a double-digit lead in the half-game. The Knicks entered the final showdown with a lead of 17 points in the third quarter at 27:23. Although the Cavaliers fought back, they couldn’t narrow the score. The Knicks finally beat the Cavaliers 99-79 at home and rewrote the big score of the series to 2-1.

Five Knicks scored in double figures, including Randall 11+8+3, Barrett 19+8+3, Hart 13+6+1, and Quikley 11+2+1. The Knicks’ anchor for winning the championship was still Jay brunson, who counted 10 of 18 shots, knocked down 21 points, 4 rebounds, 6 assists and 2 steals, and lost +20. Only with him could he win the championship. It was his appearance that made the Knicks invincible!

No one thought that after the game, brunson also achieved the great cause that the Knicks didn’t care about for nearly 33 years! According to ESPN data, Jay brunson became the first person in the history of new york Knicks to get at least 20 points and 5 assists in two consecutive playoff games since Ewing in 1990. G2 brunson scored 20 points, 5 rebounds and 6 assists, G3 scored 21 points, 4 rebounds and 6 assists.

In the offseason last year, the Knicks took brunson away from the lone ranger with a big contract of 104 million yuan for four years. At that time, many people also had doubts about the contract of 100 million yuan, thinking that the Knicks had signed a junk contract again. But now it seems that brunson’s contract is not only cost-effective, but even the most far-sighted contract in Knicks’ history is regarded as a fortune. The Knicks’ rapid rise this season is due to the appearance of brunson, which has brought a winning culture to the team. The Knicks have also been liberated from the label of fish maw and become one of the upstarts in the east again. This alone, he is completely worthy of his four-year 104 million. What do you think of this problem?

Potter： It’s been a very positive week for us. It’s very happy to win three consecutive victories.

# leicester city 1-3 Chelsea # [Potter: It’s a very positive week for us, and it’s very happy to win three consecutive victories] The 27th round of the Premier League has ended, and Chelsea beat leicester city 3-1 away to win three consecutive victories in all competitions. After the game, Chelsea coach Porter accepted an interview with the media after the game and talked about his views on the game.

About the team’s recent performance

"This is a very positive week for us. The three victories against Leeds United and Dortmund, today’s results say a lot about the development of the team. It was a tough game, as always, but in the end I think we should win. "

"This is a very good week. Three beautiful victories. Today’s result is really good for the players, because it is not easy. I am happy for the fans, they are great. "

About Chilwell and Wesley Fofana facing their old club.

"Chilwell answered this question in a perfect way. It was one of the difficult games for the home crowd, but they handled it well. This is not a straightforward game. leicester city has a chance and we have to suffer some hardships, but as we continue to move forward, the situation will get better. "

"Our defensive record has been very good in the Premier League, and the team has a strong mentality. They give everything, they want to keep the ball out of the net, and on the other side, we also have players who want to hit the ball in. "

"It is very gratifying to win three victories in a week at this level. Now we must win next weekend and then enter the international competition day. We will try to get three points against Everton, which is our goal. "

About the missed opportunity of the team

"We are only inches away from more goals. In the end, it was our performance that allowed us to score more goals. "

About Enzo’s performance

"He is an excellent player, a young player. I think he will get better and better when he is with us. You can see his ability. When he gets the ball, he passes it forward. He saw everything. "

On the unity performance of the team

"This is a week’s team performance. It takes time to continue to develop it, but our spirit is growing. I really like unity, fighting for the game and getting ready for fun. Cucurella has been away from the team for some time, but now he has had two excellent performances. It epitomizes what we are looking for. "

The eight most promising occupations in 2023! Come and see if there is a job for you？

At present, we are discussing which occupations have development prospects everywhere, but the development laws of various occupations are different, so it is very important to grasp the factors. This article will lead you to know which occupations have more development prospects. If you want to engage in these promising occupations, you can search and download them from Baidu, and send resumes to major enterprises to learn more.

The eight most promising occupations in 2023!

First, the most promising career in 2023: software engineer

Software engineer is a very technology-intensive occupation, and it is also a challenging occupation. Software engineers can play an important role in both mobile applications and PC-side software, and are responsible for the development, design and implementation of the software to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the software. In addition, software engineers can also develop various high-tech applications, such as AI and big data, which will bring more development to society.

Second, the most promising occupation in 2023: product manager

Product managers are a very diversified profession. They should not only be familiar with technology, but also grasp the market pulse and customer demand. Product managers should not only participate in product planning, but also participate in project management, manage project personnel and resources, and track project progress. Product managers have strong comprehensive skills, can grasp the pulse of the market and help enterprises walk in the forefront of the market.

Third, the most promising career in 2023: financial analyst

Financial analysts are a very theoretical profession. They should deeply understand the changes in the financial market, give appropriate investment suggestions to companies, and help enterprises seize financial opportunities and avoid financial risks, so as to obtain good returns. At the same time, financial analysts should also understand the changes in domestic and foreign financial markets, find new opportunities in time, and create more value for the company.

Fourth, the most promising career in 2023: artificial intelligence engineer

Artificial intelligence is the future development trend. With the development of artificial intelligence technology, related occupations also have development prospects. Artificial intelligence engineers can make full use of the advantages of AI technology according to the needs of enterprises, identify patterns, solve problems, and provide more possibilities for enterprises. In addition, artificial intelligence engineers can develop more valuable applications according to the needs of enterprises and bring more development to society.

V. The most promising occupation in 2023: website operation.

Website operation is a very complicated occupation, which involves network technology, marketing, channel management and other aspects, and requires operators to grasp the pulse of the market, accurately grasp the needs of users, improve the traffic and user experience of the website, improve the brand awareness of the website, and thus gain more users.

6. The most promising occupation in 2023: investment analyst.

Investment analysts are a very challenging profession. They should have the skills of investment analysis, economic analysis, financial market grasping, accurately grasp investment opportunities, provide valuable investment advice to customers, and help customers get good investment returns. In addition, investment analysts can help customers grasp new investment opportunities through different investment channels, so as to obtain more benefits.

7. The most promising occupation in 2023: Internet legal consultant.

Internet legal consultant is a very challenging profession. They should master legal knowledge, understand the changes of Internet laws at home and abroad, and the legal risks faced by Internet enterprises, and give reasonable suggestions to help enterprises seize legal opportunities and avoid legal risks, so as to make enterprises develop more healthily and stably.

Eight, the most promising career in 2023: data analyst

Data analysts are a very popular profession. They should master the data analysis technology, accurately grasp the data, find out the rules in the data, and put forward suggestions on data analysis to help enterprises seize market opportunities, thus enhancing their competitiveness and gaining more commercial value.

The above are the eight most promising occupations in 2023 compiled by Xiaobian. Look at the recruitment network and there are more occupations waiting for you to explore. Hurry up Baidu search and look at the recruitment network and start a job search!

How much is a set of genuine photoshop？ Download the ps software version and install the permanent version with one click.

Photoshop 2022 is the latest image processing software from Adobe. Compared with the previous version, Photoshop 2022 has added some functions and improvements. The following are some main features:

Panel organization and improvement: Photoshop 2022 has made some improvements in panel management, making the panel more simple and intuitive.

Style conversion: The new style conversion tool can convert an image into another style image, such as a photo into a cartoon image.

Artificial intelligence: Photoshop 2022 has also added some artificial intelligence functions, such as automatic selection, intelligent objects, etc., which can help users complete complex operations more quickly.

Design tools: Photoshop 2022 has also added some design tools, such as new brush tools and various gradients, which make it easier for users to draw and edit images.

Multi-device support: Photoshop 2022 now supports the simultaneous use of multiple devices, and users can easily switch and synchronize their work between different devices.

Photoshop 2023 has the functions of intelligent sharpening, intelligent increasing sampling, 3D scene panel, creating vignetting effect, retouching, watermarking, feathering and so on. Dahairj has brought great help to users in processing pictures. And the software adopts a brand-new startup interface, which makes the whole interface of the software look more concise and generous and keep pace with the times. Photoshop software from photo editing and composition to digital painting, animation and graphic design, first-class image processing and graphic design applications are the core of almost every creative project. With the powerful functions of Photoshop on the desktop, you can create anytime and anywhere when inspiration strikes.

First, the first step is to download the installation package of PS2022 and install it.

Open the downloaded installation package:

Step 5, enter the installation process and wait for the installation to be completed.

Step 7: After the installation, the software of PS2022 is already installed on the computer desktop. Double-click to open it and you can use it.

Will the emergence of Chat-GTP really have a subversive impact？

Recently, news about Chat-GTP has emerged in an endless stream, and more than one article predicted that this technology will become a subversive factor affecting the development of the industry. So what is this technology that is "highly anticipated"? What impact can it bring to human development?

01

What is Chat-GTP?

If you want to understand Chat-GTP, you must talk about AIGC first. What is AIGC? AIGC is the abbreviation of content generated by artificial intelligence technology, which is similar to the concepts of UGC and PUGC. The content producer of AIGC is an AI machine, which can automatically generate content. Chat-GTP is one of AIGC products. Unlike previous robots, ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool driven by artificial intelligence technology. It can talk through learning and understanding human language, and can also interact according to the context of chat, just like chatting between humans, and even complete tasks such as writing video scripts, emails, copywriting, translation, and codes. Simply speaking, it can be understood as an intelligent machine tool, but why does the appearance of this intelligent tool attract widespread attention all over the world?

The picture comes from the Internet.

The content of machine production has appeared as early as a few years ago, such as writing robots in the press and publication industry, AIpha Go, which has caused a heated discussion because of defeating human beings, and mobile robots developed by various mobile phone companies, as if AI intelligent production has fully entered the normal life of human beings. However, ChatGPT, which appeared this time, has broken through some boundaries in technology, which seems to be imperceptible on the surface, but from its function, it can chat with users freely, which, to a certain extent, breaks all boundaries and has significantly improved in content, logic, data and knowledge. More importantly, through constant interaction, ChatGTP can "learn" the logic of some human thinking problems and give more satisfactory answers. Although this process is still similar to coding and decoding, and it can’t reach the independent consciousness pursued by many technical experts, from the side, ChatGPT seems to have been able to master some learning methods, master human logic in "training" and learn to "communicate".

02

What are the possible impacts of Chat-GTP?

The emergence of any kind of technology will always lead to the discussion about how much influence machines have on human beings, and of course, ChatGPT is no exception. The topic of whether technology will replace people has been going on for many years without a conclusion, so I will not express any opinions on similar topics. Simply from the technology of ChatGPT, let’s talk about the specific impact.

On the positive side, the appearance of ChatGPT has an important impact on media industry, education, service and other industries. Taking the media industry as an example, ChatGPT can directly use the voice function in information search, accurately identify problems and find materials, which will inevitably improve the efficiency of information production and play an important role in the era of big data with information explosion. Moreover, as far as the tests of many companies are concerned, ChatGPT is far superior to the previous writing robots in the automatic production of news content. In addition, for the virtual anchor which is popular in recent years, ChatGPT can greatly improve its discourse ability and reaction ability, make the virtual anchor infinitely close to the real anchor state, and provide assistance for the development of the "meta-universe". From the perspective of the larger media industry, the influence of ChatGPT can penetrate into all aspects, such as background data calculation, advertising marketing and digital publishing, which can promote the further rapid development of the media industry.

The picture comes from the Internet.

On the negative side, the technical limitations of ChatGPT itself are still very obvious. For example, in the face of newer information, it is often difficult to get a satisfactory answer because the basic data is not updated in time; In the face of emotional and moral problems, it is still difficult to grasp, and the hidden concerns of news ethics are still significant; At the same time, some users said that ChatGPT has limited understanding of questions and can only answer questions directly, and can’t identify deep content. In addition to the problems of technology itself, there are also gaps in the standardization of the application of this technology. How to use technology correctly and realize sustainable development needs further discussion.

03

The subversive influence of Chat-GTP still takes time.

As an important means of production, technology plays an important role in social development. Especially in the era of science and technology, the driving force of technology far exceeds the traditional old factors of production such as labor and capital. However, at its root, technology is still a production tool. Moreover, judging from the technological development in recent years, whether it is the big data, blockchain, metauniverse mentioned before, or ChatGPT, which is now exploding, the influence of a single technology is limited, and it is difficult to produce the influence of subverting the industry. In addition, the current artificial intelligence technology is still in the primary stage. Although there are some breakthrough developments, there are also fatal defects. It still takes time to avoid the defects in technology and integrate technology into the existing production links. It is still too early to call a certain technology a subversive turning point now.

The picture comes from the Internet.

The discussion on the relationship between technology and human beings has been going on for more than ten years. Some people think that the development of technology is a devastating blow to human beings, and some positive optimists think that technology is to bring human beings into a brand-new world. At present, no matter how fierce the academic debate is, the road of technological development and innovation has never stopped. Moreover, with the deepening integration of technology and human production and life, it is bound to innovate the existing production methods of human beings and create a brand-new world system. However, the development of technology is always a process, and it is indeed untenable to blindly think that a certain technology can subvert an era. It is still a question mark how much ability ChatGPT can play in the future, but what is certain is that the advent of ChatGPT has taken us one step further from that "world".

Intelligence and artificial intelligence： two sides of the coin

For many years, the concept of intelligence has been a topic of fascination and exploration. With the continuous technological progress, a new form of intelligence has emerged: artificial intelligence (AI). Although both human and artificial intelligence have their advantages and disadvantages, the relationship between them is very complicated. In this article, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of intelligence and artificial intelligence, and discuss how they affect our lives.

intelligence

Intelligence can be defined as the collection of human wisdom and knowledge. Intelligence enables human beings to learn from past experience and make decisions based on what they have learned. This ability is unique to human beings and is the key to our success in different fields.

artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence is a simulation of human intelligence realized by machine learning and deep learning. It can learn and solve some tasks that humans can’t complete, such as image recognition and natural language processing. Although artificial intelligence can bring many benefits, it also has some disadvantages.

advantage

  1. Improve productivity: Artificial intelligence can automatically perform repetitive tasks, thus improving productivity.

  2. Can work in dangerous or uninhabitable environments: artificial intelligence can perform tasks in environments such as drones or deep-sea submersibles, which are dangerous or uninhabitable for human beings.

  3. Large-scale data analysis can be carried out quickly: artificial intelligence can quickly process large-scale data, thus providing support for business decision-making.

disadvantage?

  1. Lack of creativity: artificial intelligence lacks creativity and innovation ability, which means that it can only perform tasks according to the requirements of programmers.

  2. Difficult to adapt to the new environment: artificial intelligence is difficult to adapt to the new environment and needs a lot of reprogramming to adapt to new tasks.

  3. Bring security risks: Artificial intelligence can be attacked by hackers, thus posing a huge security risk to enterprises and individuals.

The way that affects our lives.

Intelligence and artificial intelligence have a great influence on our lives. The following are some of the impacts we are currently experiencing:

  1. Automation: Artificial intelligence can automate many tasks, thus improving productivity and efficiency.

For example, in industrial production, artificial intelligence can automatically complete the assembly and inspection process, thus improving production efficiency and quality.

  1. Smart home: Smart home system can automatically control home devices, such as smart light bulbs, smart thermostats and smart home appliances, through artificial intelligence technology. This makes our life more convenient and comfortable.

  2. Health care: Artificial intelligence can help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately and provide support in treatment. For example, artificial intelligence can detect cancer through image recognition technology, thus improving the success rate of treatment.

  3. Transportation: Artificial intelligence can drive cars automatically, thus reducing traffic accidents and congestion. In addition, artificial intelligence can also improve transportation efficiency through technologies such as traffic flow prediction and route optimization.

  4. Education: Artificial intelligence can improve students’ learning effect through personalized learning paths and teaching plans. For example, students can choose courses according to their interests and abilities, so as to give full play to their potential.

However, with the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, there are also some worrying problems.

  1. Unemployment: Artificial intelligence can automate many jobs, which may cause many people to lose their jobs. This will have a far-reaching impact on society and economy.

  2. Privacy: Artificial intelligence can collect and analyze a large amount of personal data, which may infringe on personal privacy. This requires us to strictly regulate and manage the legality and privacy protection of data use.

  3. Ethical issues: The decision of artificial intelligence may have a far-reaching impact on human beings. For example, the decision of self-driving cars may involve the loss of life and property. Therefore, we need to ensure that the decision of artificial intelligence is based on correct ethics and moral principles.

conclusion

Intelligence and artificial intelligence are two sides of the same coin. They both have advantages and disadvantages, which affect our life and future. We need to seriously consider and explore how to give full play to the advantages of intelligence and artificial intelligence, while avoiding their shortcomings and negative effects. This requires us to make joint efforts in technological development and social governance to ensure that artificial intelligence brings more benefits to mankind while avoiding its negative effects as much as possible. We need to establish a transparent, fair and reliable artificial intelligence governance mechanism, strengthen the supervision and regulation of artificial intelligence technology, and pay attention to the ethics and social responsibility of artificial intelligence technology.

In addition, we also need to strengthen the education and popularization of artificial intelligence technology and improve the public’s cognition and understanding of artificial intelligence. Only in this way can we better cope with the challenges and opportunities brought by artificial intelligence and create better prospects for the future of mankind.

In the future, intelligence and artificial intelligence will continue to play an important role. With the continuous progress and innovation of technology, we will see more intelligent applications and the development of artificial intelligence technology. We need to seriously think about how to make better use of intelligence and artificial intelligence to realize a more intelligent, efficient and sustainable future.