标签归档：西安桑拿

China launches a super satellite： high-speed Internet access will be realized on the plane’s high-speed rail.

　　CCTV News:The geostationary communication satellite represents the development level of a country’s satellite communication. It is an important resource that constitutes the foundation of the information superhighway and an important embodiment of a country’s comprehensive strength and technical level.

　　People who often travel in China know that mobile phones and notebooks can’t get on the Internet on flying planes and ocean-going ships. Similarly, on high-speed high-speed trains, mobile phone signals are intermittent. However, with the development of a new generation of communication satellites in China, full coverage of online chatting, ocean-going video entertainment and remote mountain signals will become a reality.

　　China’s independent research and development technology breaks the monopoly of foreign air communication

　　Maritime video will no longer be a dream.

　　On April 12, 2017, China successfully launched the Shijian-13 satellite in xichang satellite launch center using the long march 3b. After completing the on-orbit test, the satellite was named Zhongxing-16.This is the first Qualcomm communication satellite in China, with a total communication capacity of over 20G, which truly realizes the broadband application of autonomous communication satellites.

　　Zhang Wei, Senior Engineer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:The development of Qualcomm measurement technology represents that we are now on the ground, and you can use our satellite to realize video. Originally, only one voice communication function can be realized. Now we can video, so there is still a great application direction, that is, our aircraft. This is the first time that China has used Ka-band broadband communication technology on communication satellites.

　　Satellite capacity is actually like a highway. The original C-band and Ku-band capacity of communication satellites can only accommodate two cars at the same time, and the cargo they can carry, that is, information and data, is limited. However, the capacity of Ka-band satellite is much larger, it can drive 10 or more cars on the road at the same time, and the amount of information and data it can carry far exceeds that of other frequency bands.The breakthrough of this technology means that broadband internet access can be realized anytime and anywhere through communication satellites in the future, especially in areas that cannot be covered by ground communication networks, as well as on aircraft, high-speed rail, ships and other means of transportation.

　　Zhang Wei:Now everyone on the plane knows that communication can’t be realized. After the technology of HTS (Qualcomm Communication Satellite) is popularized in the future, we can also realize our communication on the plane based on satellites, including high-speed rail, ships and so on. HTS is a very popular application direction.

　　Zhang Wei told reporters that relying on Qualcomm’s satellite communication technology, a satellite broadband communication network will be built in the future. By then, no matter whether you are in an airplane at an altitude of 10,000 meters, a high-speed high-speed train, or a ship in the vast sea, or a deserted desert, deep mountain or island, you can browse the network and make video calls at high speed.

　　At present, the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group has developed satellite mobile communication terminal products for outdoor, high-speed rail, ships and other aspects based on the Qualcomm satellite of Zhongxing 16. The original satellite communication terminals, limited by satellite design, are relatively large in size, and are generally installed on buildings or large vehicles.Now, relying on Qualcomm satellite, the terminal receiving device of communication satellite can be miniaturized, and ordinary household SUV can be installed.Zhang Ge, a senior engineer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, demonstrated a portable satellite broadband communication system for reporters. This system has the function of one key to the satellite, and can quickly connect the network when the ground communication network is damaged or interrupted in the earthquake-stricken area.

　　In addition to this portable satellite broadband communication system, the team led by Zhang Ge is still developing satellite broadband communication systems for high-speed trains and ocean-going ships.

　　Zhang Ge, Senior Engineer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:At present, our equipment supports more than 500 people, that is, if you install such a device on a luxury oil tanker, all the people on board can access the Internet directly via satellite by taking your ordinary mobile phone and connecting to the ship’s WIFI.

　　Combining technical test with demonstration application, Zhongxing-16 carried out high-speed laser communication test on the geosynchronous orbit satellite for the first time, with the highest speed of 2.4 G.. Satellite laser communication has the advantages of large communication capacity, long transmission distance and good confidentiality. If the test is successful, it marks that China has reached the international advanced level in this field.

　　On August 6th, 2016, China successfully launched Tiantong-1 satellite 01 in xichang satellite launch center, which is the first star of China satellite mobile communication system, also known as the "China version of maritime satellite", and its successful launch marks that China has entered the "mobile phone era" of satellite mobile communication.

　　After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the ground communication network in the earthquake zone was completely paralyzed. At that time, China did not have its own mobile communication satellite system, so it could only rent foreign satellite phones for earthquake relief. The international mobile satellite system has formed a number of global or regional mobile communication systems, which are not only widely used in personal communication, ocean transportation, offshore fishing, air passenger transport and other fields, but also can realize barrier-free communication and determine the location in the case of natural disasters such as earthquake, flood and frost. After the Wenchuan earthquake, Tiantong No.1 was established.

　　The reporter learned that the technical indicators and capabilities of Tiantong-1 satellite have reached the level of international mainstream mobile communication satellites, and it has completely independent intellectual property rights. In particular, Tiantong-1 satellite has solved the technical problem of deploying an oversized antenna, making the satellite telephone terminal used on the ground more miniaturized and mobile.

　　The selfless dedication of several generations of researchers has been passed down from generation to generation.

　　Make China’s satellite industry from scratch. From lagging behind to leading

　　In recent years, our communication satellites have been successfully launched and put into use, covering the cutting-edge technologies and applications in the development of communication satellites, such as broadcast and television live broadcast, Qualcomm broadband satellite, mobile communication satellite and data relay satellite. Looking back, when we started to develop satellites, we were not only poor. Moreover, the foundation is weak. Under such conditions, our researchers insisted on self-reliance and selfless dedication, and finally embarked on a road of research and development of China communication satellites. Although this road was not smooth, it also experienced setbacks and hardships.

　　In the exhibition hall of the Fifth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group, real products from Dongfanghong-1 to Dongfanghong-4 satellites are displayed, which have witnessed the development of communication satellites in China.

　　Dongfanghong-1 was China’s first artificial earth satellite developed by the older generation of space scientists and technicians through self-reliance under the conditions of poverty and weak economic and technological foundation at that time. Due to the limitation of technical level at that time, it did not have communication function.

　　Zhang Wei, Senior Engineer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:After the success of this satellite, it actually created a precedent for our country’s artificial earth satellite, but its significance only reflects from scratch, so our satellite will be put into use after all.

　　After the successful launch of Dongfanghong-1, in order to make the communication satellite truly practical, the older generation of space science and technology personnel, represented by Sun Jiadong and Qi Faren, established the belief of "developing China people’s own communication satellite on their own". After nine years of hard work, Dongfanghong-2 communication satellite was finally developed successfully. On April 8, 1984, Dongfanghong-2 experimental communication satellite was successfully launched, making China the fifth country in the world to independently develop and launch geostationary orbit satellites.

　　Constrained by the technical level of electronic component development and material science research at that time, Dongfanghong-2 satellite had a small load and a short service life. The C-band transponder of the satellite had only two channels, while the C-slope transponder of the international advanced communication satellite had reached 24 channels at that time, and its service life was as long as ten years.

　　Zhang Wei:At that time, the power it could provide was very small, because there were so many solar cells, so it could provide so much power. Therefore, at that time, the on-orbit life of our country’s communication satellites was relatively short, that is, five years, and the effective power it could provide was very low, so the so-called transponder number was just a few transponders.

　　The main load of communication satellite is transponder, and one transponder can transmit more than ten sets of standard definition TV programs. The greater the load of communication satellite, the more transponders, which means that more radio and TV programs can be transmitted and more communication capacity can be provided. Zhang Wei told reporters that because Dongfanghong No.2 could not meet the needs of customers at that time, there was also a debate about "buying stars" or "making stars" in China. Under the circumstances at that time, astronauts had no choice but to develop Dongfanghong-3 satellite according to the international level at that time under the condition of weak technical foundation and poor facilities.

　　Zhang Wei:Dongfanghong-2 is a spin-stabilized satellite. By Dongfanghong-3, we have a three-axis stabilized satellite. With the adoption of the solar wing, the technology has a great leap forward, and we can only inherit about 20% of the technical foundation of Dongfanghong-2, and the remaining 80% is based on the independent innovation of our astronauts in China.

　　From the national project in 1986 to the successful launch of Dongfanghong-3 satellite in 1997, researchers have solved hundreds of technical difficulties in 11 years, gnawed down more than ten "hard bones" and experienced the pain of the first satellite launch failure. Dongfanghong-3 satellite not only achieved a leap in the development technology of communication satellites in China, but also provided a highly reliable communication satellite platform for China’s space industry.

　　In 2000, Dongfanghong-4, aiming at the international first-class level, began to be developed. The design life of the satellite platform was increased to 15 years, and the number of transponders carried was increased to 52. At that time, the market goal of Dongfanghong-4 communication satellite was not only to occupy the domestic market, but also to go out and seize the international market.

　　While researching and developing the communication satellite platform of Dongfanghong-4, they are also exploring the market of Dongfanghong-4. In May 2002, they signed a purchase order contract for Xinnuo-2 satellite with Xinnuo Satellite Communication Co., Ltd.; In May, 2004, he participated in the bidding for the whole satellite development and launch project of Nigeria Communication No.1 satellite, and stood out from 21 companies including the United States, France and Britain, and won the bid successfully.

　　Zhang Wei:Dongfanghong-4 satellite, its weight reached 5 to 5.5 tons, and its load capacity reached about 600 kilograms. This level was actually at the same level as the international advanced level at that time, so through Dongfanghong-4, we actually realized a transformation process from following to running together.

　　In 2010, focusing on the demand of high-power communication satellites in the next 20 years, a new generation of Dongfanghong-5 satellite with high load, high power, long life and expandability began to be developed. At the same time, the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group is also tracking the most advanced technology in the world and expanding the technical level of the original satellite platform. In order to improve the payload of communication satellites, they have to make the electronic system smaller and smaller.

　　Gong Jianglei, deputy director designer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group: These products are actually a hardware product based on the integrated electronic system on our entire communication satellite.Now these four products have actually replaced more than 20 previous products. The previous products were relatively large in quantity and volume, and we have reduced them by about 50%, which is also a relatively leading level in the whole world.

　　It is an inevitable choice for the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group to follow the world’s leading technology and achieve technological transcendence in some technical fields. After graduating from Ph.D. in 2008, Chen Yue came to the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group to be responsible for the control and promotion of communication satellites. Just after working for more than two years, he proposed to the institute the research on electromagnetic propulsion of communication satellites without working medium, which was still controversial at that time.

　　Chen Yue, deputy director designer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group:Everyone’s main doubt is that this technology may be scientifically researched and developed in engineering before it is fully explained. Is it risky or is there a principled error? This is the main controversy.

　　Communication satellites in space need to adjust their attitude and maintain their orbits, so satellites will carry a lot of propellant. The traditional chemical propulsion method is to generate thrust by propellant oxidation. At present, the electric propulsion method used in satellites is to ionize the carried working medium gas, and then spray the plasma to generate thrust. Both of these propulsion methods need to carry working medium, that is, propellant and gas.

　　Chen Yue:Figuratively speaking, these liquids or gases stored in the tank, once these working fluids are used up, the engine can no longer be used, and its life is up. And our current propulsion mode, this electromagnetic propulsion, is that as long as there is electricity, as long as the equipment can work normally, it can work and generate thrust.

　　There is no technology and experience to learn from, and there is no reference to any foreign materials. This technology is in the initial stage of technical experiment at home and abroad, and Chen Yue and his team are facing great challenges.

　　In order to encourage young people to innovate, the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group set up a special fund for R&D and a special fund for doctoral growth to give financial support. Moreover, the core R&D personnel were not assessed for three years, and they were given strong support in personnel and experimental equipment to ensure that they concentrated on technical research.

　　Chen Yue:Through the independent research and development fund of the Science and Technology Committee of our institute and the independent research and development fund in our institute, we can support us, so that we can focus on this matter without worrying about the guarantee of conditions. It can be said that this is like an incubation. If there were no such incubation conditions at the beginning, we would not have this progress.

　　The reporter learned that at present, many key technologies of Dongfanghong-5 satellite platform, which represents that China’s communication satellites have reached the international leading level, have made major breakthroughs and need to be verified in orbit. Dongfanghong-5 platform has a total satellite power of 30,000 watts, a payload of more than 2,000 kilograms, and 120 transponder circuits, and some technical indicators exceed the level of developed countries. Most of the products on Dongfanghong-5 platform can be truly localized, independently controllable and no longer dependent on imports.

　　Half-hour observation: Aerospace, China’s brightest "business card"

　　From the first Dongfanghong-1 satellite to the world-leading Dongfanghong-5 satellite, the development of China’s communication satellites has gone from scratch, from following to running in parallel.

　　The development level of communication satellites represents a country’s scientific and technological level in the field of space science and technology, and it is also an important embodiment of a country’s comprehensive strength. Although we have experienced failures and setbacks in the development of communication satellites, we have finally been at the forefront of international communication satellites in just a few decades.

　　This is the result of the silent and selfless dedication of the vast number of aerospace science and technology workers, and it is also a continuation of the spirit of the older generation of astronauts.

　　Source of this article: CCTV Finance "Economic Half-hour"

＂Star＂ fruit cherries witness the world opportunities brought by the opening of China.

Original title: "Star" fruit cherries, witnessing the world opportunities brought by opening China.

During the Spring Festival holiday this year, entries such as "Top-flow of adult cherries" and "Freedom of cherries" rushed to Weibo for hot search.

"The children at home like to eat cherries, which are red in color, sweet and delicious, and just listed during the Spring Festival, which means that they are red and hot, and now the price is not expensive, so I will buy more food." Ms. Chen, a resident of Chengjiaqiao Street in Changning District, Shanghai, expressed the feelings of many consumers.

As a "star" in imported fruits, cherries have become one of the popular consumer fruits in the Spring Festival this year. From Chile across the ocean to China, the trip to the cherry market proves that opening China is always an important opportunity for world development.

Open the map of the world, China and Chile are separated by oceans, with a linear distance of nearly 20,000 kilometers. Delicate and beautiful fruits come from mountains and rivers, with delicious flavor and good quality and low price. What’s the story behind this?

Imported goods flew into the homes of ordinary people, which witnessed the breadth of China’s high-level opening up. In recent years, from new varieties of apples and bananas to new faces such as durian and avocado, more and more special fruits from all over the world have been brought to the table of China people. From promoting the negotiation of FTA to hosting China International Import Expo(CIIE), to continuously optimizing the convenience of customs clearance, open China and welcome the good things from all over the world with open arms. In 2023, the Customs granted 146 kinds of sub-high quality agricultural and food products from 51 countries and regions to be exported to China, constantly meeting the diversified needs of domestic consumption and people’s yearning for a better life.

Taking cherries as an example, in 2008, China and Chile signed the Protocol on Quarantine of Chilean cherries and plums exported to China, and Chilean cherries were officially allowed to enter the China market; Since 2015, 97% of goods in China and Chile have achieved zero tariffs, and cherries are one of them. At present, China has signed 22 free trade agreements with 29 countries and regions.

Opening up market access is the first step, and the continuous domestic circulation has set up a high-speed passage to the people’s table for imported cherries. Although cherries are delicious, they are perishable and have a short shelf life, which requires high transportation and storage conditions. E-commerce channels continue to sink, logistics timeliness continues to improve, and refrigeration technology continues to improve. A more sound and efficient circulation system allows cherries to get off the branches and serve on the table, reaching consumers in the north and south of the country in a short time, detonating market demand and becoming the "new favorite" of national consumption.

On the eve of the Spring Festival this year, the "Chile-Tianjin Cherry Express Line" opened for the first time in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, with the fastest loading and unloading efficiency, the best customs clearance process and the shortest delivery time, achieved the coverage of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei fruit wholesale market in about 5 hours, showing the efficient coordination effect of China’s unified big market.

The constantly optimized business environment proves the depth of China’s opening up. The milk produced in foreign pastures on Monday can get on the plane on Tuesday and go straight to the dining table of consumers in China on Wednesday … This shows China’s attitude of constantly optimizing the business environment through system innovation and process improvement.

Not only is it bought in, but under the mutual promotion of domestic and international double circulation, China’s super-large-scale market is playing a huge advantage of "demand traction supply". Today, more than 92% of Chilean cherries are exported to China. The vitality of China market has created new opportunities for the development of Chilean cherry agriculture. In recent years, many Chilean fruit farmers have introduced new planting techniques to improve the precision of industrial management, the industrial assembly line has become more mature, and the industrial scale has been rising, which has driven the cost and price of cherries down.

A small cherry, riding the warm current of promoting high-level opening to the outside world, and riding the domestic and international double-cycle express train, not only sweetened the tip of China people’s tongue, but also beautified the life of the residents in the country of origin. In the new journey towards Chinese modernization, more than 1.4 billion China people’s yearning for a better life will release more surging market momentum, drive more imported goods to fly from the other side of the ocean to the homes of ordinary people, and the price will gradually change from expensive to "close to the people", and more "cherries" stories will be staged.

If the world is good, China will be good; If China is good, the world will be better. China has been the second largest importer in the world for many years in a row. Super-large-scale import has strongly supported domestic production and supply, improved people’s livelihood, and promoted the economic development of various exporting countries.

Source: People’s Daily client

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＂I got 66 in the English exam, and it was really terrible when I reviewed it!＂ 2024 postgraduate entrance examination preliminary test release list

Although at 2:00 p.m. on February 26th, Jiangsu 2024 Postgraduate Entrance Examination was officially opened, the excitement of the candidates was obviously unbearable. Since February 25th, many terms such as "Postgraduate Entrance Examination" and "Postgraduate Entrance Examination Results" have continued to occupy hot searches on online social platforms. Several happy and worried postgraduate entrance examinations have become a watershed for candidates’ life choices. Experts remind that after the graduate exam scores are published, students can choose a more suitable development path for themselves by comprehensive analysis of their scores and rankings.

High-scoring candidates have exposed their transcripts.

[Check the story]

English score 66, middle-aged candidates tried their best.

"I got 66 in the English exam, and it was really terrible when I reviewed it!" Remember Wang Ping, a middle-aged candidate interviewed by Yangzi Evening News/Zi Niu News reporter on the first day of the 2024 postgraduate entrance examination? On the 26th, Wang Ping found his test scores. He was indignant, but he didn’t regret his efforts. "It is still a little short of the retest line of Nantah last year, but it has also worked hard." Wang Ping also had an opportunity to take a postgraduate study. "But at that time, I received an OFFER from my unit at the same time, and the salary offered made me very satisfied, so I gave up my postgraduate study and chose a direct job."

As an old man, he walked into the examination room again and took the exam with the students after 00. Wang Ping obviously had some difficulty in the review stage. "Struggle repeatedly in forgetting and reciting. Work, family and review cannot be ignored, and it is really difficult to take care of all three. " Will you take the exam next year? Wang Ping didn’t think it over, but there are more and more highly educated young people around him. It is not impossible for Wang Ping to "last stand" again.

Is it possible to adjust and reduce points?

"I heard that the score line will drop this year. I don’t know if it is true." Suqian candidate Xiao Jia’s scoring process is even more thrilling. Xiao Jia applied for the college of literature of a popular 985 university. "I got 366. According to the national line of previous years, I crossed the line!" I turned around and inquired about everyone’s situation in the "comrades-in-arms group" of the postgraduate entrance examination. Suddenly, I found that there were many partners with higher scores than myself. "This major has a total of 20 candidates, and some of them are exempted from students. There are really not many plans left for our postgraduate students." Xiao Jia began to give himself two hands. "This score is not low. Maybe there is hope for a change. It is not easy to review the postgraduate entrance examination once. If you can be admitted, try to give yourself an explanation. "

[Check Points Reminder]

Many provinces across the country have successively opened check-up channels.

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education, the number of applicants for the national postgraduate entrance examination in 2024 was 4.38 million, a decrease of 360,000 from the previous year. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, the number of applicants for postgraduate entrance examination in 2021 and 2022 was 3.77 million and 4.57 million respectively, and it increased to 4.74 million in 2023, setting a new high. In 2024, the number of applicants for postgraduate entrance examination declined, which was the first decline in three years.

According to the notices issued by various places, candidates from Hebei, Liaoning, Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia can check the preliminary results of the 2024 postgraduate entrance examination on February 26th.

Jiangsu Education Examinations Institute announced on February 20th that the preliminary results of the 2024 national postgraduate entrance examination in Jiangsu Province will be announced to the public after 14:00 on February 26th. At that time, candidates who apply for admission units in Jiangsu Province can check their scores according to the announcements on the official websites of the admission units, or they can log on to the portal website of Jiangsu Education Examinations Institute (www.jseea.cn) to check their scores.

Candidates who have objections to their grades can apply for grade review from February 27th to 28th according to the application methods and requirements announced by the admissions unit. The results of the review shall be informed to the candidates by the admissions unit.

Postgraduate entrance examination is not the only thing in life.

Spring tricks are in place, and preparing for job hunting is also an option.

Li Muyuan, deputy director of the Student Affairs Office of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics and director of the Student Employment and Entrepreneurship Guidance Center, said in an interview that after the graduate examination scores are announced, students can make comprehensive analysis of their scores and rankings and actively prepare for the second interview. If there is a gap between the expected score and the online score, you can actively pay attention to the postgraduate adjustment information and face the reality and immediately start preparing for job hunting.

At present, the spring recruitment has been started, and many units have issued spring recruitment announcements. Li Muyuan suggested that students should make good use of the "Golden Three Silver Four" period, pay more attention to the employment information released by national and provincial education departments, local human resources departments and universities, and actively break the information gap. At the same time, the resume is modified according to the job requirements. At present, many enterprise job fairs adopt the mode of machine reading and screening resumes, which requires students to find the right keywords in their resumes to match. If a resume contains keywords that match the requirements, then the resume has a higher chance of passing the screening. "Opportunities are always reserved for those who are prepared", and I wish the students all the best!

Proofread Sheng Yuanyuan

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Tang Chunxiao won the women’s team championship of Chinese billiards World Championships by beating Liu Xiazhi.

Qilu. com Lightning News December 15 thChina Jiangxi Shangrao Yushan 6th CBSA Chinese Billiards World Championship ended the women’s final this afternoon. Tang Chunxiao, a famous player, defeated Liu Xiazhi 19-9, winning the women’s team championship of Chinese billiards World Championships for the first time in her career.

As a favourite to win the championship before the competition, Tang Chunxiao’s promotion process was not completely smooth. She was dragged into the deciding game by Zhang Muyan in the first stage of the promotion round. In the quarter-finals, she faced Fu Xiaofang, the champion of the 2017 tournament, and Tang Chunxiao was 8-10 behind, winning three consecutive games in a thrilling reversal. Meet Zhang Muyan again in the semi-final, and Tang Chunxiao won 13-9, welcoming his first World Championship final.

Liu Xiazhi faced neither Chen Yihan nor Xia Yuying in the double defeat stage. After entering the single defeat, she beat Russian player Pimenova in the quarter-finals, eliminated defending champion Chen Siming 11-9 in the quarter-finals, and completely defeated "Dark Horse" He Xinru in the semi-finals, which also made her debut in the final stage of the World Championships.

The final of women’s team adopts the system of 19 wins in 37 games, which is divided into two stages. In the first stage that ended yesterday, Tang Chunxiao made a dream start of 12-0 and took a huge lead of 14-4 after the end of 18 games. At the opening of the second stage, Liu Xiazhi chased two games in a row, while Tang Chunxiao grabbed the 21st game to stabilize his position after some chaos, then won two more games, 17-6 expanded his advantage, and finally 19-9 sealed the victory and won the first prize of 1 million.

At 14:00 on December 16th, the 6th CBSA Chinese Billiards World Championship ushered in the last match day, and the men’s champion was born among Zhao Ruliang and Shen Shenyi.

Lightning journalist Wang Zhiqin reports from Yushan.

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Young people who don’t want to celebrate the New Year, hide back to work.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Chief character view (id: sxrenwuguan), Author: Wei Wei, May, editor: Wei Wei, title map source: vision china.

Sometimes, bitterness and pleasure can be exchanged.

For example, a migrant worker in a first-tier city may hate his job at ordinary times, but on the good day of Chinese New Year, they will resolutely choose a fierce man to work, even in the form of voluntary overtime, to escape all kinds of troubles caused by it.

Some people lamented,The nine-day holiday, if you want to stay at home, is not too short but too long.

In Douban, the "Don’t Want to Go Home/Don’t Want to Celebrate the Festival" group, on the Lunar New Year’s Eve, some people laughed at themselves that the New Year’s Eve was "hmm", some people were exchanging information about the New Year’s Eve dinner that they would not go home, and some people temporarily returned their train tickets to go home.

Humans create urban civilization, and different urban cultures, in turn, shape individual life. In the name of "going home for the New Year", when people from different cities and occupations get together, young people who don’t want to celebrate the New Year hide in their jobs to find a comfortable area.

The following is their story.

Stay deep, work overtime and save money.

(Bai, working for 5 years)

I’m a buyer of an electronics company. On New Year’s Eve, I’m still "sticking to my post".

For example, I sorted out the materials of the report, looked at the data of my peers, and learned about the new policies of each platform in 2024.

Obviously, this is not a necessary job. On the 28th and 29th of the twelfth lunar month, after working at home with a computer for two days, I couldn’t find any work to continue.

Staying in Shenzhen to work overtime is an unplanned thing. Originally, I grabbed the train ticket back to my hometown of Henan.But on February 4th, I returned the high-speed rail ticket I had just "grabbed" because I had a big fight with my parents again because of my relationship.

In the eyes of my parents, my boyfriend and I are far from each other’s external conditions: for example, I am a graduate student who has returned from overseas, and he has not even finished junior high school. I am an urban hukou, and he is a rural hukou. Even he and I are both 169cm tall, which has become a critical dimension for my mother.

What makes them even more unacceptable is that my boyfriend and I are both unmarried. In our view, the law can not maintain love, but a system of human social structure.

Because of these things, my parents and I have had countless quarrels. Whenever I try to convince my mother that my boyfriend has a skill, although he has not received higher education, my mother will use the unreasonable killer: you are so powerful, why can’t you afford a house in Shenzhen!

I was so angry that I couldn’t refute it. The way to deal with it was to temporarily close the communication window until I had the financial ability to prove to my parents that I could live well.

Two days later, I sent a message to my family, telling them that they needed to stay in Shenzhen to work overtime because of work reasons and could not return to their hometown in Henan. A day later, my parents finally replied to me with only two simple words: OK.

"Don’t go back for the New Year, don’t give red envelopes to relatives and children, and save money." After receiving the reply from my parents, I patted my boyfriend on the shoulder to comfort him.

As a matter of fact, people of my age who stayed in my hometown are married and have children. They go home for the Spring Festival every year, and their main dates are friends who also work outside.

It is very difficult to confront the structure.But I still want to try. After "hiding" at work for three days, I decided to take advantage of the fact that the holiday was not over and go to a small town in Fujian by car with my boyfriend.

And work is not only the way of my confrontation, but also the outlet of my confrontation.

Take the initiative to work overtime to avoid socializing.

(Ber Ber, working for 1 year)

I am a new media editor. In the past, my life rule was that no one would really love work. But recently, my life has changed obviously:Questioning work, understanding work and embracing work.

Because of the nature of the industry, I have returned from Beijing to my hometown Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, one week before the 30 th anniversary. At first, I was dissatisfied with this arrangement: why do you have to work when you go home?

But soon, I realized that working from home is also a good thing for me: when my relatives come to my house to walk around, I can avoid appearing at the dinner table with others.

This should start with my special eating habits. As a Mongolian living in Inner Mongolia, I don’t eat pigs, cows, sheep or chickens.

This means that most of the dishes at dinner have no fate with me. It also means that from the moment I appear at the dinner table, no matter what they are saying, they will stop and watch me until I eat the first bite.

The same is true when I leave. They will stop talking and keep asking me, "Are you full?"

"I’m full." I can’t even look back at their eyes. Although I try my best to comfort myself that this is an expression of love from my loved ones, I still feel a lot of pressure on my body. As a deep social phobia, I don’t like being noticed, especially by more than two people, which will make me feel numb.

Fortunately, soon, I found a solution to the problem:Hide in the house under the pretext of working overtime to avoid appearing at dinner.

In this way, you can not be disturbed by anyone who comes to visit, from day to night. I will inevitably meet them when I go out to eat and go to the toilet occasionally, but I will try my best to speed up, especially when I go back, and pretend that I am busy with my work and need to go back to deal with it urgently.

I don’t know if it’s because I’m disturbed by no one and spend more time at workSometimes even after work, I will work overtime voluntarily because I don’t want to leave the room.My work efficiency is actually quite high, roughly estimated to be at least 1.5 times as high as before.

Every relative who asked me about my "whereabouts" almost lamented that it was not easy for me when she got my mother’s reply that she was at work and had to wait until New Year’s Eve, and then turned her eyes to other people present, trying to find the next object to pay attention to. Every time I hear the change of topic in the room, I will secretly breathe a sigh of relief: "I hid in the past."

As for how to face it after the New Year, I haven’t decided yet. However, the next excuse is brewing in my mind.

Double-row overtime with girlfriends.

(Yangliu, working for 4 years)

I am a supply chain manager of a FMCG company. I usually work in Shanghai and recently returned to my hometown Taiyuan.

On February 6th, my holiday started, but on February 9th, I took my laptop and found a coffee shop to start working overtime voluntarily.

Don’t get me wrong, my family relationship is harmonious, and my daily mother’s kindness and filial piety are just the details of life in Taiyuan, which makes me feel depressed.

For example, if I read a book at home and my relatives and friends who come to visit me see it, everyone will make a fuss about my love of learning, but in fact it’s just my way of life. Walking in the subway, passers-by move at a speed like walking, even with a hint of rust in the cold wind.

After a long time, I feel at a loss.

"The consumer world does not allow boredom to exist, and consumer culture is committed to eliminating it. According to the definition of consumer culture, a happy life is insulated from a boring life". One of the purposes of doing this is to maintain work ethics and let people abandon the pursuit of freedom.

In Work, Consumerism and the New Poor, the author Bowman once explained my mentality like this.

That’s true. But for now,Compared with the "boring life" in my hometown, I still prefer to find my own position at work.

It’s time to find some happiness through work.

By the way, before I went to the coffee shop to work overtime on February 9, I didn’t forget to bring my best friend who just came home from Beijing for the New Year.

From the moment I pushed the door into the coffee shop, my girlfriend and I smiled, because the people sitting inside were obviously people who "returned home" and then hid out to work overtime.

What everyone has in common is that there is a laptop in front of them, and there is an American cup or hand-made coffee in front of them, staring at the screen in front of them attentively. We quickly integrated, and this is the familiar life.

My best friend and I are high school classmates, and our school is a boarding school.Ten years ago, we went to the morning self-study after breakfast together. Ten years later, we continue to go to work in the coffee shop after breakfast together.

The deskmate next door also brought a little atmosphere to my "memory killing". She claimed to work in an investment bank in Shanghai, and when I checked the factory plan for 2024 against the data table, she was frowning and writing ppt.

In addition to working offline, I also share the happiness of "working overtime" with my friends who also stick to their posts, and blow rainbow farts to each other.

"Share the expression pack with me."

On the afternoon of February 9th, I shared a screenshot of the conversation urging my boss to join the work with a friend, and she replied to me quickly. Obviously, she needs the same expression pack to "drag" her boss out of her holiday life.

"We are people who want to be rich." On the evening of February 9, when my best friend and I finished our work, we fully affirmed each other’s future. Although to outsiders, we are more like the boss’s "dogs".

Perhaps this is the happiness of being a "good student".

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Chief character view (id: sxrenwuguan), Author: Wei Wei May

This content is the author’s independent opinion and does not represent the tiger sniffing position. It may not be reproduced without permission. Please contact hezuo@huxiu.com for authorization.

People who are changing and want to change the world are all there. Tiger sniffing APP

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A number of domestic beauty brands listed companies exceeded expectations.

　　Domestic beauty brands are on the rise, gradually occupying the market share of international cosmetics in China, which is expected to achieve a breakthrough from catching up to surpassing.

　　Recently, A-share cosmetics listed companies have successively disclosed the 2023 performance forecast. Under the background of consumption recovery, many companies, including Freda, Marubi, Shuiyang and Kesi, expect net profit to increase year-on-year.

　　The performance of subdivided tracks is beautiful

　　Marubi, a veteran domestic beauty company, released a performance forecast saying that the company expects to achieve a net profit of 300 million yuan to 330 million yuan in 2023, an increase of 72% to 89% year-on-year; The net profit after deduction was 220 million yuan to 250 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 62% to 84%.

　　The company said that it is actively promoting the transformation of online channels. Among them, the content e-commerce of Marumi brand represented by Tik Tok Aauto Quicker increased by over 100%, and the second brand PL Love Fire increased by over 100%. In addition, the company firmly divides channels and products, implements the strategy of "big mind and single product", optimizes product structure, and reduces costs and improves efficiency.

　　The single product strategy and the promotion of online channels are the reasons why most domestic cosmetics listed companies achieved performance growth last year.

　　According to the data of Youth Intelligence, in 2023, the growth rate of platform cosmetics sales in Tik Tok was 47%, and that in Aauto Quicker was 69.7%. This feature is also reflected in the performance forecasts of many companies.

　　Shuiyang shares are expected to achieve a net profit of 280 million yuan to 320 million yuan in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 124% to 156%; The non-net profit deducted was 260 million yuan to 300 million yuan, up 169% to 210% year-on-year. The company owns its own brands: Effidan, Dashuidi and Royal Mud Workshop, and its agency brand business is also deeply bound with Johnson & Johnson.

　　Shuiyang Co., Ltd. said that during the reporting period, the multi-level brand matrix system of the company’s own brands was further improved, brand assets continued to precipitate, the agency brand business entered a benign track, the overall business and product structure were further optimized, and the proportion of high-margin brands continued to rise.

　　Freda is expected to achieve a net profit of 260 million yuan to 290 million yuan in 2023, an increase of 472% to 538% year-on-year; The non-net profit deducted was 116 million yuan to 146 million yuan, up 98% to 150% year-on-year.

　　After divesting the real estate development business, Freda has continuously empowered its core business development by relying on the strength of scientific research and development and the advantages of multi-brand omni-channel development. The company said that during the reporting period, the cosmetics business continued to build a brand matrix, broaden sales channels and achieve sustained and steady growth.

　　On the raw material side, Kesi, a leading sunscreen company, expects the net profit of returning to the mother in 2023 to be 720 million yuan to 760 million yuan, up 85.50% to 95.80% year-on-year.

　　During the reporting period, with the steady improvement of the market position of KES and the continuous growth of the market demand for sunscreen products, as well as the improvement of the company’s overall capacity utilization rate and the rapid release of new product capacity represented by new sunscreen agents, it helped the company to improve its main business income and gross profit margin. According to reports, in the future, the company will also invest in the construction of "10,000 tons of sunscreen products in Malaysia" to expand market demand in Asia-Pacific, Europe and other regions.

　　The medical and beauty sector also showed signs of recovery. Aimeike expects to achieve a net profit of 1.81 billion yuan to 1.9 billion yuan in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 43% to 50%; The non-net profit was 1.782 billion yuan to 1.872 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 49% to 56%.

　　Aimeike said that the company actively pays attention to market changes, provides high-quality services for downstream medical and beauty institutions at the academic and operational ends, better meets the needs of beauty seekers and enhances the depth of cooperation with customers. At the same time, through the distribution model, we will further expand the number of institutions covered by the company’s products and enhance the breadth of cooperation with customers. The company continues to increase investment in research and development expenses and do a good job in the research and development of pipeline products.

　　According to the performance forecast released by Jinbo Bio, the company’s net profit for returning to its mother in 2023 is expected to be 280 million yuan to 300 million yuan, up 156.47% year-on-year to 174.79%. The main reason for the increase in performance is that the company continues to increase R&D investment, actively develops new products and product upgrades, and strives to increase brand promotion and market development.

　　Constructing core competitiveness with high quality

　　Some people in the industry told reporters that scientific research is still the core issue. With the upgrading of consumer demand and the trend of rational consumption, cosmetics brands began to "roll" research and development, "roll" technology, "roll" ingredients and "roll" raw materials.

　　High-quality domestic brands sold well last year, mainly because they gradually gained the trust and recognition of consumers in terms of quality and safety, and their market competitiveness was constantly enhanced. At the same time, consumers’ rational consumption awareness was enhanced, and domestic brands with high cost performance and good use experience became the preferred choice.

　　In addition, the domestic beauty care brand has also broken the traditional operation mode and made bold innovations and attempts in marketing, attracting more young consumers. With the continuous improvement of the product strength and research and development strength of domestic beauty brands, its rising trend is expected to continue.

　　Caixin Securities Research Report pointed out that in the long run, with the gradual recovery of consumption, domestic brands continue to consolidate their brand potential and adjust their marketing strategies in time. Domestic brands with solid R&D functions, strong marketing capabilities and multi-brand matrices are expected to rise further.

　　It is worth noting that the market space for domestic beauty products to expand is still increasing. The report "Insight into the Development and Consumption of Cosmetics Market in China in 2023" shows that the market size of China’s cosmetics industry is about 516.9 billion yuan in 2023, up 6.4% year-on-year, and it is expected to increase to 579.1 billion yuan in 2025.

　　Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Developing the Silver-haired Economy and Improving the Well-being of the Elderly. This is the first time that a special policy with the theme of silver-haired economy has been introduced at the national level, and it is also the first time to encourage the development of anti-aging products at the national level, which mentions promoting the research and development of cosmetic raw materials, formulation and production process design and development.

700,000 people across the country have a low admission rate for civil servants, and candidates laugh at themselves as ＂cannon fodder＂

　　At noon yesterday, after the exam, people who took the national civil service exam walked out of the examination room of Beijing Union University. Our reporter Zhang Tao photo

　　(Reporter Jiang Yanxin) At 9: 00 am yesterday, the national civil service examination was officially opened in 2009. The number of people taking the national civil service examination this year is about 775,000, more than 130,000 last year, and the number of candidates is the highest in the past years. Although the central authorities and their directly affiliated institutions plan to enroll 13,500 civil servants in 2009, which is slightly higher than that in 2008, the admission rate is still only 1.75%.

　　Candidates with low admission rate laugh at themselves as "cannon fodder"

　　Yesterday’s exam was arranged for administrative professional ability test (9: 00 am to 11: 00 am) and application (2: 00 pm to 4: 30 pm). Located in Muxidi, Xicheng District, the test center of Beijing No.8 Middle School Branch, the red banner indicates that the civil service exam will be held here. Although the entrance was prompted at 8: 40 on the blackboard at the school gate, from 8: 00 onwards, candidates came one after another and lined up naturally in order.

　　It is understood that in this year’s civil service examination, there are 95,000 candidates in Beijing, an increase of 15,000 over last year. Beijing has set up 132 test sites and 3,186 examination rooms in the city this year. This year, the proportion of the national civil service examination is 57: 1, which is more competitive than last year’s 46: 1. Many candidates who take the examination jokingly call themselves "cannon fodder".

　　Paying attention to the world food crisis by applying for the exam

　　In yesterday afternoon’s application examination, the theme of the examination questions was the food crisis. The reading materials provided by the examination paper amount to more than 9400 words. The question and answer includes seven aspects, which require candidates to summarize the causes of the world food crisis and the grain production situation in China from complicated materials. At the same time, candidates are also required to draft the Opinions on the Development of Grain Production as a functional department of the provincial government.

　　Zhong Jun, director of the Application Teaching and Research Section of Huatu Civil Servant Examination Research Center, said that this test closely follows social hotspots and focuses on the analysis ability of candidates and the ability to judge the effectiveness of some countermeasures in combination with the international and domestic situation.

　　Regarding why this topic was chosen, Zhong Jun said that food security is now a threat facing the whole world; At present, the financial crisis, oil shortage and other issues that everyone is generally concerned about are not particularly obvious around September when the exam questions are given.

　　The written test results will be announced in January next year.

　　It is understood that after the written examination of public subjects, the relevant departments will organize personnel to mark the papers, and it is expected that the written examination results will be announced in early January 2009. In order to avoid the problem of network congestion last year, this year’s candidates can also query by SMS. In addition, the interview and professional examination of the national civil service examination will be held before March 15, 2009, and the whole recruitment work will be completed before June next year.

　　-Related news

　　The exam is a serious violation of discipline for 5 years and cannot be re-tested.

　　(Reporter Jiang Yanxin) According to the relevant person of the National Civil Service Bureau, in order to purify the examination room environment and ensure fairness and justice, any candidate who is found by the relevant departments to be seriously violating discipline and discipline in the examination will be scored as zero, and will not be allowed to apply for civil servants again within five years. Many high-tech means have been used this year to investigate and deal with violations in the examination room. According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Personnel Bureau, radio signal shielding devices and radio signal monitoring vehicles have been set up in key test sites in Beijing. These devices can quickly find and accurately locate radio signals suspected of cheating, and at the same time investigate and block unknown signals and suspected cheating radio signals in time. In addition, the public security department will also strengthen the security patrol around the examination room to ensure the safety and fairness of the civil service recruitment examination.

　　-Key words of national examination

　　The examination questions are closely related to social hotspots and life.

　　Li Weiming, director of the quantitative relationship and data analysis teaching and research section of Huatu Civil Service Examination Research Center, said that the overall difficulty of this year’s administrative professional ability test is equivalent to last year, but the order of questions has changed. It is understood that this exam is closely related to social hotspots. The impact of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the launch of the Shenzhou VII rocket, the subprime mortgage crisis and the significance of CPI are all reflected in this exam. At the same time, in the topic setting, many topics are more innovative, reflecting the timeliness and flexibility, and are closely related to life. For example, "Sima Qian and the rule of Wenjing, who was earlier"; For example, "what is the secondary meaning of the subprime mortgage crisis"; For example, "What school of thought of China was used in the’ harmony’ of the Olympic Games"; For example, "When did China’s 30-year economic system reform begin?" and so on.

　　Most candidates have not finished answering the questions.

　　There are 140 questions in the test, and some candidates report that some of the questions are too long and have too much reading. At 11 o’clock in the morning, the candidate Xiao Xia was a little depressed when he walked out of the test center of the Eighth Middle School: "The difficulty of the test questions is average, but the number of questions is too large. I only answered more than 90 questions. Other math problems can’t be solved by themselves, but they can only be blinded. It is estimated that they will be tested. " Xiao Xia said that he spent a lot of time reading books for this purpose, but unfortunately the effect was not good.

　　不少学生反映，两小时内要做完140道选择题，还要涂机读卡，实在没办法完成。据搜狐教育的调查显示，截至昨天中午12：00，超过5成网友认为试题难度中等，54.89%网友表示没有做完行政能力测验试题。

　　李委明主任表示，虽然今年依然有多数考生未答完全部题目，但和往年相比，答完的人相对较多。

　　专家　重考察考生分析能力

　　万学金路公务员研究中心专家表示，在行测考试中，今年的常识题从去年的完全考察法律常识，过渡到以国策考察为主的模式，让许多法律专业的考生显得有些“措手不及”。其中，只有6道法律常识题，而社会、经济、历史、时事题目则较大幅度增加。考试内容全面体现了考察考生知识面的广泛性，突出了对多种思维方式的考察和运用，特别是考生的分析能力成为考察重点。

　　同时，今年的题型保持稳定，但是给出的题干内容比往年有明显增加。总体阅读量继续增长。

　　本报记者蒋彦鑫

责编：赵旋璇

How to balance the traditional folk custom of banning fireworks and firecrackers with environmental protection

　　During the Spring Festival holiday this year, Wang Hui, who lives in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, finally slept for a few days.

　　"In the past, during the Chinese New Year, from the night of the New Year’s Eve to the morning of the first day, firecrackers would keep ringing, either unable to sleep or awakened. I feel much quieter this year. " Wang Hui said.

　　In recent years, the management of setting off fireworks and firecrackers has become more and more strict, and many places have made special legislation to ban fireworks and firecrackers, and Harbin is one of them. The Decision of the Standing Committee of Harbin Municipal People’s Congress on Prohibiting Fireworks and Firecrackers stipulates that those who set off fireworks and firecrackers in areas where fireworks and firecrackers are prohibited shall be fined in 500 yuan.

　　"This kind of regulation is very timely and useful. I have personal experience." Wang Huixiao said.

　　Hu Jing, a professor at the Institute of Environmental Resources Law of China University of Political Science and Law, said in an interview with the reporter of Legal Daily recently that setting off fireworks and firecrackers during the Spring Festival is a traditional folk custom in China, but it does bring problems such as disturbing people, environmental pollution and safety, and it is not advisable to completely ban and let it go.

　　"It is suggested that all localities legislate according to local conditions to achieve a balance between environmental protection and respect for folk customs. It should be emphasized that when punishing illegal acts, education and fines should be the main ones, and administrative detention should be used with caution to restrict personal freedom. " Hu Jing said.

　　More than 400 cities have legislated to ban it.

　　As in 2018, the "No Fireworks and Firecrackers" reminder message of Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government arrived as scheduled before the Spring Festival. On February 3, 2019, the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government sent a text message to remind the public: Please consciously abide by the prohibition regulations and do not set off fireworks and firecrackers within the Fifth Ring Road and other prohibited areas.

　　Two years ago, the SMS reminders of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government were still "restricted". On January 25, 2017, the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government sent a text message to remind them that fireworks and firecrackers can be set off from New Year’s Eve to the first day of the Fifth Ring Road, and from 7: 00 to 24: 00 from the second day to the fifteenth day, and the rest of the time is forbidden.

　　In 2005, the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal People’s Congress passed the Regulations on the Safety Management of Fireworks and Firecrackers in Beijing, which divided Beijing into forbidden zones, restricted zones and permitted zones for classified control, and allowed limited discharge of fireworks and firecrackers during the Spring Festival. In December 2017, the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal People’s Congress revised this regulation, clearly stipulating that the area within the Fifth Ring Road (including the Fifth Ring Road) in Beijing is an area where fireworks and firecrackers are prohibited.

　　For the management of setting off fireworks and firecrackers, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province also experienced "from restriction to prohibition".

　　Since 1994, Harbin has experienced several legislative processes such as the prohibition and restriction of fireworks and firecrackers. In recent years, suggestions on banning fireworks and firecrackers have frequently appeared at the two sessions in Harbin. For example, Li Jihong, a representative of Harbin Municipal People’s Congress, thinks that setting off fireworks and firecrackers has some disadvantages, such as potential safety accidents, environmental pollution and waste of resources, and suggests that it be prohibited by legislation.

　　Since December 1, 2018, the Decision of the Standing Committee of Harbin Municipal People’s Congress on Prohibiting Fireworks and Firecrackers has been implemented, which clearly stipulates the areas where fireworks and firecrackers are prohibited and the punishment measures for illegal acts.

　　In terms of legislation prohibiting fireworks and firecrackers, there are many cities that are "one step at a time" except Beijing and Harbin, which are "restricted to prohibition". The data shows that at present, more than 400 cities across the country have explicitly banned fireworks and firecrackers through local legislation.

　　There is no need to ban it across the board.

　　"Setting off fireworks and firecrackers can set off the atmosphere, arouse traditional memories and have cultural value. But at the same time, air pollution, disturbing people and other issues can not be ignored. In fact, the management of setting off fireworks and firecrackers has gone through several times ‘ Prohibition, release and prohibition ’ With the emphasis on air quality in recent years, the policy of prohibiting discharge has returned again. " Yan Xinhui, an associate professor at Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, said.

　　In December 2003, Qingdao, Shandong Province took the lead in revising the original policy of "banning fireworks and firecrackers", clearly stipulating that fireworks and firecrackers can be set off during the Spring Festival. In 2004, Beijing changed the "ban" to "limit". By the end of 2006, more than 200 cities across the country had implemented the "ban on fireworks and firecrackers".

　　As Zhai Xinhui said, behind the repeated prohibition of fireworks and firecrackers is a contest between traditional folk customs and air quality.

　　On the one hand, people regard setting off fireworks and firecrackers as a part of the custom of the Spring Festival, and together with Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures and other elements, they form a strong atmosphere of the Spring Festival.

　　On the other hand, setting off fireworks and firecrackers is regarded as an "accomplice" to aggravate air pollution. According to the monitoring data of the Department of Ecology and Environment of Henan Province, the air quality in Henan Province deteriorated sharply from 18: 00 on February 4 (New Year’s Eve) to 10: 00 on February 5 (Spring Festival), and the average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increased by 34 μ g/m3 and 12 μ g/m3 respectively compared with the Spring Festival in 2018.

　　It is worth noting that the prohibition of fireworks and firecrackers in many places is no longer a simple policy return, but a clear way through local legislation.

　　Hu Jing believes that it is not necessary to ban fireworks and firecrackers across the board, and the practice of "limiting the time and area of fireworks and firecrackers" can be adopted. Judging from the regulations prohibiting the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers in various places, there are many ways to restrict the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers, and there are fewer comprehensive bans.

　　Li Jianwei, a professor at China University of Political Science and Law, also believes that we should listen to public opinions to the greatest extent on the basis of fully respecting folk customs, and protect folk customs as much as possible, and allow fireworks and firecrackers to be set off in limited time areas. We can’t make a "one size fits all" ban, but we should adopt a step-by-step and step-by-step model to gradually change the public customs.

　　"The prohibition of setting off firecrackers has an effect on reducing or alleviating pollution to a certain extent, but for the Chinese nation with a long culture of thousands of years, setting off fireworks and firecrackers during the Spring Festival itself is an important traditional custom. Therefore, the key to legislation is to grasp the balance point. For example, for areas with serious pollution and many people who are prone to traffic accidents, it is possible to prohibit discharge, or to designate special areas for discharge, and to use pollution-free and safe electronic firecrackers to a certain extent. " Ouyang Aihui, an associate professor at the School of Economics, Management and Law, University of South China, said.

　　Legislation should listen to the voice of the people.

　　Li Chao, who is doing business in Handan City, Hebei Province, used to set off firecrackers at the door to "welcome the god of wealth" when he opened the door on the fifth day.

　　"I heard that the punishment has been increased this year. Some people have been administratively detained for setting off fireworks and firecrackers. Pictures and videos have spread in the WeChat group and dare not let them go." Li Chao said.

　　On the first day of the fireworks ban, Shenyang police investigated and dealt with 66 illegal fireworks and firecrackers according to law; Since the Spring Festival, the public security organs in Weifang City, Shandong Province have investigated and dealt with 875 cases of illegal fireworks and firecrackers with 890 people … … After searching for "setting off fireworks and firecrackers" on the Internet, the reporter found that there were countless news reports that were punished for illegally setting off fireworks and firecrackers.

　　In recent years, more and more cities have joined the army of legislating against fireworks and firecrackers. Hu Jing believes that in the process of legislation and law enforcement, the punishment for illegal discharge of fireworks and firecrackers should be treated according to the situation and need not be too severe.

　　"Those who make corrections after dissuasion shall be exempted from punishment. If they do not listen to dissuasion and continue to set off fireworks and firecrackers, they may be punished. In terms of punishment methods, education and fines should be the mainstay. Unless the circumstances are particularly bad, it is not recommended to impose administrative detention. " Hu Jing said.

　　Experts believe that when changing customs through legislation, public opinions must be widely solicited, and scientific and democratic legislation must be achieved.

　　"The regulation of traditions and habits should follow the principles of democracy and the rule of law. On the one hand, fully consult the opinions of local residents. On the other hand, the introduction of various bans must follow the principle of the rule of law and avoid ultra vires. Special attention should be paid to avoiding simple and rude law enforcement. It can be considered to ban by region and time, and more publicity and explanation work should be done. " Yan Xinhui said.

　　Ouyang Aihui believes that local legislation to control excessive firecrackers during the Spring Festival is in line with the needs of building a China ruled by law. But this kind of legislation must conform to the basic principles of administrative law, namely, administration according to law and reasonable administration.

　　"Before legislation, we should attract public participation, listen to people’s voices, and reflect the democratic and scientific nature of legislation, instead of simply doing it overnight. In legislation, the prohibition of firecrackers should be based on legitimate considerations, and the prohibition provisions must be fair, moderate, reasonable and feasible. For those who do not need to ban discharge or do not need to ban discharge completely, there is no need to impose excessive restrictions. Otherwise, it will not only fail to achieve the corresponding effect, but also be vulnerable to public resistance, and it will also be a huge waste of administrative law enforcement resources. " Ouyang Aihui said.

　　□ Legal Network reporter Pu Xiaolei

Does it cost oil to turn on the warm air in winter？

In winter, many car owners will be concerned about whether turning on the warm air will increase the fuel consumption of the car. In fact, if used correctly, heating the car in winter won’t cost oil.

First of all, it is necessary to understand that the cold air and warm air in the car are produced by two different systems. The cold air is cooled by the compressor, while the warm air is generated by the thermal cycle of the car itself. Therefore, when we turn on the warm air, we don’t need the compressor to work, so it won’t increase the fuel consumption.

However, some car owners may find that turning on the warm air when starting the car will lead to excessive engine load, thus increasing fuel consumption. This is because it takes some time for the engine oil to fully lubricate all parts of the engine when the car is just started. If the warm air is turned on at this time, the internal lubrication of the engine will be insufficient, and the friction resistance will increase, which will lead to excessive engine load and increase fuel consumption.

Therefore, the correct way is to wait for 3 to 5 minutes after the car starts, and then turn on the warm air after the engine water temperature rises. This can ensure that the engine is fully lubricated, reduce friction resistance, and thus reduce fuel consumption.

In short, as long as it is used correctly, turning on warm air in winter will not increase the fuel consumption of the car. Car owners can safely use warm air to keep the cab warm and comfortable.

Inventory of world famous ski resorts

Intern reporter/Zhang Congzhi

Asia region:

1. NISEKO Ski Resort in Hokkaido, Japan

Ershigu Ski Resort is the largest ski resort in Hokkaido, and it is also recognized as the most popular ski resort in Japan. It consists of four ski areas, namely, Birov, Dongshan, Anupuli and Huayuan, which are located in Anupuli Mountain. It has more than 60 ski trails and more than 30 cable car trails. The average annual snowfall here is 14 meters thick, and it is famous for its soft and delicate powder snow. It is praised as "powder snow paradise" by skiers, and it is also one of the top ten ski resorts in the world evaluated by Forbes travelers. Every year, the ski season will attract a large number of tourists.

2. Shigakogen Ski Resort in Japan

Shiga Plateau Ski Resort is located in Nagano Prefecture, a famous skiing county in Japan. After the Winter Olympic Games in 1998, Nagano became famous in the world for its ice and snow sports. Among the "Six Alpine Ski Resorts in Japan" selected by the Japanese, three of them are located in Nagano Prefecture (Nozawa, Shiga, and Bafangweigen), among which Shiga Plateau is better known at home and abroad. At that time, the main venue of alpine competition in the skiing event of the Winter Olympics was located here, and at that time, many of its snow trails reached the track standard.

At present, Shiga Plateau Ski Resort is divided into four ski areas: Maruchi, Central, Yokosuka and Ozhiga. There are 21 ski resorts, large and small, which are connected by more than 70 cableways. It is not only the largest ski resort in Japan, but also in Asia. The highest elevation of Shiga Plateau is 2,305 meters, and the lowest elevation is 1,340 meters, with a drop of 965 meters. There are five hills over 2,000 meters, which are ups and downs along the snowy slopes of the mountain, which are varied and suitable for skiers of all levels. Among the above four ski areas, Yokosuka Mountain area is the most difficult, which is more suitable for middle and advanced skiers, while Maruchi area is the least difficult, and most of the slides are suitable for beginners.

Due to the high altitude, the snow period in Shiga Plateau is long, and the snow quality is dry and thick. The skiing season can last from January to March every year. However, due to the low latitude, there is a problem of insufficient snow in some ski areas with low altitude at the beginning or end of the snow season.

3. Longpingdu Resort Ski Resort in Pyeongchang County, South Korea

Longping Ski Resort is located in Pyeongchang County, gangwon, South Korea. It was completed and opened in 1975 and is one of the ski resorts established earlier in South Korea. There are all kinds of modern ski facilities in the ski resort, which is called "Alpes of Korea", and it has witnessed the development of skiing in Korea. The 1998 World Cup Skiing Competition and the 1999 Gangwon Winter Asian Games were held at Longping Ski Resort. Alpine skiing events of the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics will also be held here.

As the shooting place of the TV series "Love Song in Winter", Longping Ski Resort has attracted a large number of Asian fans, including Japanese and China, to make a pilgrimage here. There is the first-class ski equipment in Korea, including the Rainbow Ramp, which has 28 ski trails and 14 cable lanes including the cable car with a round trip of 7.4 kilometers. In addition, there are swimming pools, saunas and other ancillary facilities, as well as golf courses, mountain bike paths and other sports facilities in the snow resort.

Europe:

4. Verbier ski resort, Switzerland

Weibull Ski Resort is the largest ski resort in Switzerland, and is also praised by many skiers as one of the top ten ski resorts in the world. It is located between Zermatt and Mont Blanc and is formed by the merger of six ski resorts. The highest altitude is 3330 meters, the lowest altitude is 1500 meters, and the drop is 1830 meters. The total length of the slide is 400 kilometers, the longest slide is over 8 kilometers, and the shortest slide is 1 kilometer.

There are more than 90 cable cars in the ski resort, and a cable car line goes directly to the top of Ford Peak at an altitude of 3330 meters. Skiers can have a panoramic view of Matterhorn, Kompong and Mont Blanc at the top of the mountain.

Unlike ski resorts in Asia or New Zealand, Swiss ski resorts have few forests, spacious snow trails, wide horizons and many natural slides. The snow field in Weibier is rocky over 1000 meters, and the deep snow buried the rocks under it, creating a natural snow trail, also known as the "wild trail". Skiing is deeply loved by people in Switzerland, and Weibull Ski Resort is the important town of snow skateboarding in Switzerland. Many snow skateboarders choose to show their talents here. In order to meet the needs of skiers at all levels, Weibier divides the ski trails into five grades. Besides the primary, intermediate and advanced trails, there are two special routes, SkiTour and High Mountain Tour, which are specially designed for skiers and are a major feature of the ski resort.

5. Les 3 Vallées Ski Resort in France

The Three Gorges is the largest ski destination in France, located in the Rhone-Alpes region, deep in the embrace of the Alps. As the name implies, the Three Gorges Valley Snow Area is composed of three canyons, mainly the onion kernel valley, the beautiful bell valley and the Cosville valley. There are eight snow fields distributed in these three canyons, which are scattered at different heights.

After years of construction, the Three Gorges Valley has connected eight ski resorts with cable cars, and skiers can change to different ski resorts by cable cars. The total length of the Three Gorge Snow Resort is over 600 kilometers, and the wild snow resorts are all over the mountains. It is considered by many people to be the largest ski resort in the world. Every year, a large number of tourists come for vacation, which leads to the price level of the Three Gorge Snow Resort being among the best in France.

The highest altitude here is 3,230 meters, the lowest altitude is 1,338 meters, and the drop of ski trails can reach 1,892 meters. The terrain of the eight ski resorts is quite different, and the ski trails have their own characteristics, and the difficulty levels vary from low to high, which can meet the needs of skiers at all levels.

6. Kitzbüheler Ski Resort, Austria

Kitzbuhel Ski Resort is located in the depths of the mountains in southern Austria, between the 1712m Hahnenkamm Mountain and the 1996m Kitzbuhler Mountain, and is known as Monaco in the Alps. This is the birthplace of downhill skiing, with formidable and difficult trails. Skiresort.De, the world’s largest ski resort testing portal, rated Kitzbuhel as "the best ski resort in the world" for three consecutive years (2013 ~ 2015).

Kitzbuhel Ski Resort is well known and yearned for by skiers all over the world because of its superior geographical and climatic conditions and complete skiing facilities. There is a large amount of snowfall and excellent snow quality here, which can last up to 155 days, and you can ski from December to April of the following year. There are about 70 snow trails and 56 highly modern cable cars and ropeways in the ski resort, as well as a dynamic ski fun park and 170 kilometers of winter hiking trails. There is also a professional ski school, and various skiing competitions are held every year. In summer, the "Alpine Garden" on Kitzbuhel Mountain, with more than 120 kinds of colorful flowers, is a good place for hiking and cycling. You can also ride a horse to climb Hanankam Mountain and visit the cable car museum there.

North America:

7. Whistler Ski Resort in Canada

Whistler, about 120 kilometers north of Vancouver, is the largest ski resort in North America. From 1992 to 1995, Whistler was named "the first ski resort in North America" by Snow Country for four consecutive years.

Whistler has more than 200 high-quality ski trails and two towering magnificent peaks, namely Whistler Mountain at an altitude of 7,160 feet and Blackcomb Mountain at an altitude of 7,494 feet.

Among them, Whistler Mountain Ski Resort was opened in 1966, covering an area of 3,657 acres with an elevation of 1,530 meters, with more than 100 ski trails, making it the ski resort with the largest number of ski trails in Canada. There are three kinds of ski trails to choose from, of which 25% are professional ski trails, 55% are designed for intermediate skiers and 20% are suitable for beginners. The skiing season in Whistler starts in November every year and ends in May of the following year, and sometimes even extends to August.

The Black comb Mountain Ski Resort was opened in 1980, covering an area of 3,344 acres, with an elevation of 1,609 meters, ranking first in North America. There are two glaciers, Horstman and Blackcomb, on the top of the mountain. Skiers with high level can experience the pleasure of sliding down on the glaciers. In Horstman Glacier, you can also enjoy skiing in summer. Its ski run is wider than Whistler Mountain, but it has many slopes, which is not suitable for beginners. In 1994, a cable car was installed in Heishu Mountain, so that tourists could quickly climb to two different ski resorts on the mountain.

8. Jackson Hole Ski Resort, USA

Jackson Hole Ski Resort is located in the Teton Mountain Range in Wyoming, 440 kilometers north of Salt Lake City. It is the core of the desolate mountainous area in northwest Wyoming and the entrance to Yellowstone National Park. In Forbes’ 2015 Top Ten Ski Resort in North America, Jackson Hole topped the list.

Built in 1964, the ski resort is one of the few privately operated ski resorts in the United States, and its biggest feature is its diverse terrain. Its highest point is 3184 meters, the lowest point is 1923 meters, and the snow fall of more than 1200 meters provides skiers with a thrilling experience. There are two mountains in the snow resort-Rendezvous Mountain has the steepest underworld (advanced) and double black diamond snow trails, where the blue trail (intermediate) is equivalent to the underworld (advanced) elsewhere, and ApresVous Mountain is next to Rendezvous Mountain, which is relatively gentle and famous for its renovated intermediate trail and black SaratogaBow.

Jackson Hole Ski Resort ranks first in North America in the slidable height under the most distinctive Tram, and skiers can slide from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain by cable car. The snow period here is roughly from December to April, and the average snowfall in winter is 3 meters.

other

9. Queenstown Ski Resort, New Zealand

Queenstown is known as the "adventure capital" of New Zealand. There are about 220 kinds of activities and scenic spots operating all the year round, from bungee jumping to jet speedboats, from rafting to mountain biking, and outdoor explorers can be seen everywhere. In addition, there are many world-class ski resorts here.

Usually, skiers regard Queenstown as a whole with Lake Wanaka, which is not far away. There are four famous ski resorts in this area, namely Crown Peak Ski Resort and Zhuoyue Mountain Ski Resort in Queenstown, and Kadrona Ski Resort and Trickle Mountain Ski Resort in Lake Wanaka. These two ski resorts are more suitable for middle and advanced skiers. In addition, 35 kilometers away from Lake Wanaka, there is also a famous ice and snow park-the only commercial cross-country ski resort in New Zealand, with 50 kilometers of specially trimmed slides and day/night ski areas, suitable for people of all levels.

The ski resorts in Queenstown and Lake Wanaka are open from June to October every year, which is the winter in the southern hemisphere. The vertical elevation of these four ski resorts ranges from 400 meters to 700 meters, and there are various types of ski trails, such as downhill skiing and large-scale high-altitude skill ski track, which meet the standards of international snow leagues, and special ski devices and ski trails are also designed for children and beginners.

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