On June 20th, at the International Supercomputing Conference held in Frankfurt, Germany, the TOP500 list of supercomputers was released, and "Shenwei Taihu Light" won the title with the computing speed nearly three times that of the second place.

　　How fast is it? If you add up more than 2 million latest ordinary computers, the computing power can only be tied with it; Its 1-minute computing power is equivalent to more than 7 billion people around the world using calculators for 32 years without interruption.

　　It is noteworthy that this "Shenwei Taihu Light" computer system from Wuxi Center of National Supercomputing in Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province has realized the localization of all core components including the processor.

　　Supercomputers should not only run fast, but also be "useful". The Gordon Bell Prize, established in 1987, is hailed as the Nobel Prize in the field of high-performance computer applications. Since its establishment nearly 30 years ago, China’s team has never been shortlisted. However, this time, all three scientific research projects based on "Shenwei Taihu Light" were shortlisted for this award.

　　Breaking through the blockade "China Core"

　　"I don’t have to worry about being blocked anymore." Huang Jianguo, deputy director of the National Supercomputing Wuxi Center, said, "From personal computers to supercomputers, the biggest pain point for domestic scientists is that computer chips basically rely on exports, and we have never taken the initiative." In April, 2015, the U.S. government announced that four China institutions related to supercomputers were listed on the export restricted list, with the aim of restricting the development of supercomputers in China.

　　Huang Jianguo said that the domestic "Tianhe-2" supercomputer ranked first in the world for three years in a row, but it got stuck when it was preparing to purchase a new generation of processors last year, which finally led to the failure to complete the research goal as scheduled.

　　As early as 2011, there were supercomputers with domestic processors in China, but at that time, the speed could only reach trillions of times, ranking 14th in the world. At that time, China paid more attention to the supercomputer with the highest speed in the world. This domestic processor was rarely known by Chinese people, but it attracted much attention abroad. Independent processors, high-density assembly technology and water cooling systems became the focus of attention.

　　At present, "Shenwei 26010 Chip" is the third generation domestic processor, which is supported by the Nuclear High Foundation Program of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and developed by the National High Performance Integrated Circuit Design Center. "The ordinary computer chip we usually use is ‘ Multi-core ’ , this chip adopts ‘ Many-core architecture ’ . This silver-white chip integrates 260 computing cores and billions of transistors, reaching a computing power of more than 3 trillion times per second. " Huang Jianguo said.

　　The key indicators rank first in the world.

　　In December 2015, with the support of the National "863 Program", the Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Province and Wuxi City jointly invested 1.795 billion yuan, and the National Research Center for Parallel Computer Engineering Technology successfully developed "Shenwei Taihu Light", which used 40,960 chips.

　　The computer room where "Light of Taihu Lake" is located has no noise except air conditioning. It is the first supercomputer in the world with a running speed of over 1 billion cycles per second, with a peak performance of 1.25 billion cycles per second and a continuous performance of 930 million cycles per second, nearly three times that of "Tianhe II", and its key indicators rank first in the world.

　　"Every ‘ Nuclear ’ They are all computing units. They are team operations and are no longer individual operations. " Huang Jianguo explained that the biggest feature of this computer is to let thousands of "nuclear" work together and play an effective role.

　　An expert who participated in the development introduced that the energy consumption of a supercomputer can be almost equal to that of a small town, and power consumption is the bottleneck for the computer to improve its speed. The system energy efficiency ratio of this supercomputer is as high as 6.05 billion times per watt, which is more than 60% energy-saving than Tianhe II.

　　The computer system also adopts efficient water cooling technology, high-density assembly technology, etc. The low-power design inside the chip and the length of wires inside the chassis are all aimed at reducing energy consumption.

　　"The biggest shortcoming is the application"

　　"With this computer system, we can complete the simulation of the earth’s climate in the next 100 years in 30 days, which was unimaginable before." Xue Wei, an associate professor at Tsinghua University, said.

　　At present, the National Supercomputing Wuxi Center has established application cooperation relations with more than 30 domestic user units such as Peking University, Institute of Software of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 702 CSIC, Yuanjing Energy, Tsinghua University and National Computational Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, focusing on aerospace, oil exploration, vehicle and boat design, animation production, new drug research and development, biological information, climate simulation and so on.

　　Huang Jianguo introduced that there are supercomputers in China that have become the fastest computers in the world for three consecutive years, but they have not done enough in application. There is no problem with computer hardware, and the biggest shortcoming is the application.

　　Liu Zhao, an application support engineer at Wuxi National Supercomputing Center, said that the supporting application of supercomputers began as early as one year ago.

　　Weather forecast is one of the main uses of supercomputers. Wang Lanning, a professor at the Institute of Global Change and Earth System Science of Beijing Normal University, said: "Whether it rains or not depends on the movement of clouds. With a supercomputer, the movement of clouds can be accurately simulated and observed."

　　Over the years, the observation accuracy of weather forecast has also changed with supercomputers. In 2011, the observation accuracy of Tianhe-1 in Tianjin was 100,000 kilometers, and that of Shenwei Blu-ray was 10,000 kilometers, while that of Shenwei Taihu Light was reduced to 9 kilometers, and now it is moving towards 3 kilometers. Wang Lanning said that with the support of faster supercomputing ability in the future, the weather forecast can be foolproof.

　　As a member of the team of "Global Non-hydrostatic Cloud Resolution Simulation", Wang Lanning’s project was shortlisted for the Gordon Bell Award. A domestic expert who has been paying attention to supercomputers for a long time said that through nearly 10 years’ efforts, China’s software application field has expanded from a few key fields to all walks of life, but the software in the field is huge in scale, long in development cycle, high in cost and difficult. The development of efficient and mature domestic parallel application software requires the joint efforts of relevant experts, supercomputer system manufacturers and software personnel, so as to develop a high-performance computer system that is easy to use, practical and effective, and fully cooperate with users to develop high-performance application software.

　　Among the six nominations for this year’s Gordon Bell Award, the application based on "Shenwei Taihu Light" accounted for three, involving atmosphere, ocean and materials respectively. This is the first time that China has been nominated for this award.

　　Chen Yingming hand-painted the Ten Fighters

　　Young Chen Yingming

　　I have been reading aviation knowledge magazines since middle school, and I have been reading Chen Lao’s paintings and articles. I visited Chen Lao several years ago because of the story of a China pilot. After several visits, it was rare to have a good conversation with Chen Lao in his hometown Cantonese. I am grateful to know him and learn a lot.

　　— — Hong Kong director Chen Jiashang told the Chengdu Business Daily reporter about his contacts with Chen Lao on the Internet.

　　Teacher Chen Yingming pioneered aviation painting for a generation, inspiring countless people’s aviation dreams — — Including me. Deeply cherish the memory of teacher Chen Yingming.

　　— — Dai Xiaopeng, a model airplane man in Beijing

　　I recall that my teacher and I talked about aviation allusions all night, made coffee, went to KFC, looked through historical files at our desks and doodled airplanes … … Still vivid, unforgettable. What a fatherly teacher left me was the truth of being a man and the method of studying. Have a good trip, teacher!

　　— — Jiangdong, Shanghai aviation history expert and model maker.

　　A pen, depicting the waves in the sky.

　　A pair of hands, so that the precision aircraft can be seen.

　　A volume of history tells the history of aviation in China for a hundred years.

　　Years are advancing with the times, and the hero is dying. At the age of 95, Chen Yingming, a model airplane master, left his lifelong career on the 14th and returned to the blue sky he yearned for most.

　　The master of aviation art was an early participant in the construction of aviation industry in New China. He was well known as an expert in aviation history, an aviation painter and a model airplane designer. Until the moment he left, he never stopped searching for the aviation history of China.

　　Fighters, bombers and transport planes & HELIP; … Various planes in different periods in the history of aviation development are vivid in Chen Yingming’s works. His aviation paintings, accompanied by the growth of a generation, exist in the form of a "textbook", which makes many young people look to the sky.

　　Chengdu Business Daily reporter Huan Xiaohuai

　　Netizen remembers

　　Inspired by his paintings

　　A group of people joined the aviation industry.

　　At 5: 05 on April 14th, Chen Yingming passed away and said goodbye to Chengdu, where he lived for most of his life. His son Chen Dabo wanted to follow the wishes of the old man and keep everything simple, but the news spread like wildfire, and Chen Lao students, aviation enthusiasts and aviation history researchers from all over the world forwarded and cherished it.

　　A military fan netizen told the reporter that he and many friends grew up watching Chen Lao’s plane diagram. "His spread of aviation knowledge in China has influenced a group of people to join the aviation industry.".

　　Chen Yingming has a large number of admirers, and even Hong Kong director Chen Jiashang visited Chen Yingming’s home in Chengdu several times. In 2016, he published Aviation Knowledge and a recent photo of Chen Lao in Weibo, and mentioned that "this is my favorite magazine when I was young, and I regard all kinds of illustrations in it as treasures. Talk to him (Chen Lao) about the history of China Air Force, and have fun. ". On January 24 this year, he once again took a photo with Chen Lao and wished the elderly a happy Spring Festival. Last night, after learning the news of the old man’s death, he sent Weibo to express his condolences. "Teacher, go well." It is understood that Chen Jiashang is going to shoot a film about the air combat against Japan, hoping that Chen Lao can help improve the script and provide advice and guidance.

　　At the end of life

　　Give the manuscript to the students

　　Tell them to continue their research.

　　Chen Dabo, the only son of Chen Yingming, is 67 years old. He told the Chengdu Business Daily reporter that at the end of last year, the old man had surgery for bladder stones, and later he had a lung infection. After leaving the hospital, he didn’t eat much, and his life was difficult to take care of himself. Chen Dabo proposed to send the elderly to a maintenance center with medical functions, but it was difficult for the elderly to give up a room full of information in their small house, which was integrated into their lifelong efforts.

　　It was not until March that the old man promised to go to the maintenance center. In the last period of his life, the old man also instructed the students to sort out the manuscripts and materials at home. Zhong Yihui is Chen Yingming’s most trusted student. "His memory is super strong. Even if his words are unclear, he has a clear memory of some anti-Japanese war history and air combat figures."

　　Before his death, Chen Yingming gave some information to Zhong Yihui, asking him to "further sort it out and make good use of it". Zhong Yihui mentioned that Chen Lao’s unfinished business is to let more people participate in aviation research and propaganda, let more people be willing to engage in aircraft design and manufacturing, and let our aviation equipment and aviation industry truly take the lead in the world.

　　For Chen Dabo, it is a pity that his father did not leave himself a model plane and an aerial painting. Chen Yingming once entrusted his grandson to donate dozens of aerial paintings to Tsinghua University, but only left his son a manuscript and some handwritten music scores.

　　His pursuit

　　Insisting on staying in Chengdu has his youth and career here.

　　Participate in the preparation of a flying factory.

　　Set up an airplane model room

　　Chen Yingming was originally from Guangdong, and his grandfather was an overseas Chinese in Vietnam. In February 1923, Chen Yingming was born in Hanoi, Vietnam. At the age of seven, the French held an industrial exhibition in Hanoi, and Chen Yingming devoted his eyes to the three biplanes in the exhibition hall. This "encounter" made him obsessed with describing airplanes and making model airplanes, which formed an indissoluble bond with the aviation industry and became his lifelong pursuit.

　　In 1949, Chen Yingming came to Guangzhou and later joined civil aviation. In 1952, Chen Yingming was transferred to Taiyuan Civil Aviation Repair Factory and participated in the production of the first self-designed airplane model engine "5138" in New China.

　　In 1956, Chen Yingming was transferred to the preparatory office of Chengdu New Factory of the Ministry of Aviation to prepare for Chengdu Aircraft Factory (now China Aviation Industry Chengfei Company). In 1958, after Chengfei Factory was officially launched, he set out to set up an "aircraft model room". Here, he trained the second and third generation model makers of Chengfei Factory. Later, Chen Lao was transferred to Qingjiang Instrument Factory (now China Aviation Industry Chengdu Kaitian Electronics Co., Ltd.). According to his students’ memories, during this period, Chen Yingming also participated in the successful design and production of the first aerometer pitot tube, the second aerometer magnetic compass and the third aerometer altimeter in New China.

　　Zhong Yihui mentioned that many relatives of Chen Yingming are overseas, and some relatives asked him to live overseas, but he insisted on staying in Chengdu. "There is his youth here, a career he loves, and he is used to life in Chengdu." Chen Dabo explained.

　　It takes 17 years

　　Compile the history of aircraft in China.

　　After retirement, Chen Yingming still likes to stay in the study, collecting and sorting out information. He once spent 17 years working with other domestic scholars to compile the first history of aircraft development in China’s aviation for a hundred years. Downturn to version 02

　　He is good at blowing, pulling and playing, and will make coffee for every visitor.

　　His life

　　Chen Dabo did not inherit his father’s career, but his choice was also influenced by his father. Before retiring, Chen Dabo was engaged in music teaching in Sichuan Conservatory of Music. At the age of six, Chen Dabo learned to play the violin with his father and went to the factory to perform. "I play the violin and he plays the guitar." Chen Dabo recalled that his father had an art troupe in the factory that year. He was good at trumpet, violin and cello.

　　In leisure time, the old people like to sit down and drink coffee and eat western food, which is influenced by their early life. Chen Yingming’s second apartment in Chengdu has received many aviation enthusiasts. "As long as you go to the elderly, the elderly will give visitors a cup of coffee." Zhong Yihui said, "He likes to communicate and share with young people."

　　Giving up a high-paying job in San Francisco and starting a business in Shenzhen, China, Canadian Lawrence’s choice won the support of many friends around him.

　　"They are very envious when they know that I am coming to China, because they think that China has the most imaginative market at present." Lawrence said, "The atmosphere of entrepreneurial innovation in China is very strong, and you have unlimited possibilities to achieve what you want to do."

　　In fact, more and more overseas "makers" choose to come to China just like Lawrence, and what attracts them is the "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" advocated by Premier China.

　　Go to China to start a business! ",the British" Financial Times "website that noticed this phenomenon reported on this topic. "Economist" magazine also said: "Shanzhai merchants are gone, and innovators are coming!" Taking Shenzhen as an example, the report points out that it is attracting all kinds of entrepreneurs around the world who are trying to make new products in new ways. Invention and innovation are transforming the whole Pearl River Delta into an advanced manufacturing cluster.

　　Chen Siyu, Commercial Officer of the Swedish Consulate General in Shanghai, said that Sweden is a "country of innovation", and there are about 20,000 start-ups with a total population of 10 million. However, in recent years, Swedish entrepreneurs have come to China one after another, because most of them have to rely on their own development to start their own businesses in Sweden. In China, the government has invested a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to support entrepreneurial innovation, and with a relatively complete industrial chain in all walks of life, it is called "maker’s paradise".

　　"internet plus" faces the whole world, and foreigners find new opportunities in China.

　　"China is vigorously promoting ‘ Internet plus & rsquo; This is itself global. " On June 28th, Premier Li Keqiang’s statement during the dialogue and exchange with the representatives of international business circles attending the Davos Forum in the summer of 2017 was regarded as a "strong signal" released to foreign businessmen.

　　China’s booming "internet plus" and consumption upgrading have already made more and more foreigners see the business opportunities of starting new businesses. And China’s superior "double innovation" environment is making their entrepreneurial dream come true.

　　German Alberton founded Zanado Company in China, which not only provided online travel booking service, but also opened an offline VR experience store, bringing travelers a 360-degree virtual travel experience. Alberton said that China people are willing to "try early", while it may take 10 years for the United States and Europe to accept these.

　　Lan Jili, founder of Vitas, a game and entertainment production company, believes that the China government is very friendly to entrepreneurs, and "we have the opportunity to bring new technologies into China". Jared, founder of R2Games, said: "In the era of mobile Internet, it is safe to say that China is ahead of Americans in this area. For a global Internet company, the opportunity is now in China. It won’t happen anywhere else, it can only happen here. "

　　It takes two years in the United States and only half a year in China. China is the first choice for hardware entrepreneurship.

　　The Economist also found that China is rewriting another rule, that is, embracing open innovation. Taking Shenzhen as an example, the report points out that China’s open innovators are not secretive, but are committed to providing solutions for the public. Analysts pointed out that the "double-innovation ecosystem" formed by the integration of China’s policy support and complete industrial chain is unmatched by many other countries.

　　The world’s thinnest folding full-color touch screen produced by Rouyu Technology Co., Ltd. needs a lot of "integrated innovation" and "maker" ecosystems from early research to finished products. Bill Liu, the founder of the company, said that when he set out to establish Rouyu, it was clear that the company had to establish itself in Shenzhen to be successful.

　　Jenny Lee, an investor in the hardware industry and a partner of GGV capital (GGV), said that in Shenzhen, it takes only half a year for a hardware startup to turn a concept into a product, which usually takes two years in the United States. When Revols, a Canadian "maker", tried to develop economical customized headphones in Montreal, he found that things there were slow and expensive. After he moved the company to Shenzhen, he quickly made a prototype and the product has been put into production.

　　"China’s already blazing pace of innovation is still accelerating!" The Economist said. Many multinational companies have set up "observation posts" in China to pay close attention to the latest trends here. Shenzhen, China has become one of the global innovation centers of intelligent manufacturing, and is favored by all kinds of "makers".

　　Scientific research results can land, and scientists bring "black technology"

　　Many foreign "makers" said that overseas, many "black technologies" are only academic achievements, but coming to China, which is full of possibilities, can make it a reality.

　　Professor Wusi Kaelte, an academician of the European Academy of Sciences, believes that China’s government and industry are actively promoting the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, and starting a business in China is the best opportunity for its research results to land. The scientist in the field of artificial intelligence set up the Institute of Know Infinite Artificial Intelligence in Beijing in May this year, and cooperated with JD.COM, BOE and other enterprises to help China enterprises build an innovative ecosystem in the fields of AI visual recognition and translation.

　　Liu Huijun, dean of the School of Electronic Engineering of the Korean Academy of Sciences, also settled in Dongguan with the whole team. Its "black technology" AI-AR smart glasses will be mass-produced locally, which can realize remote precision maintenance of automobiles and airplanes. As long as the staff wear this kind of smart glasses, they can see the maintenance scene and remotely maintain it. In the process, they can also see the analysis of the fault made by AI behind the glasses.

　　In the article calling for starting a business in China, the Financial Times website wrote that overseas entrepreneurs who have successfully started a business in China have pointed out a new path for young people who are interested in starting a business.

　　As Premier Li Keqiang said: "Our entrepreneurial innovation is open. We should sum up experience and attract enterprises from more countries to come with capital, technology and talents, so as to achieve a win-win situation in cooperation." (Beijing News special correspondent Mu Yi)