A mountain city is resilient and relaxed.
Chongqing is the city with the largest area and population in China, with complex terrain and dense bridges and tunnels. It is faced with the management problems of high frequency of disasters, various types of urban operation risks and great difficulty in risk prevention and control. In recent years, Chongqing has adhered to the principle of "giving consideration to both hardness and softness", systematically promoted the construction of a resilient and safe city, and continuously improved the modernization level of urban safety governance.
Sponge project will "breathe"
At the turn of spring and summer, the rain keeps coming. Walking in the rain garden of Donglin Road, Bishan District, Chongqing, the flowers and plants were wet by the rain, which was even more full of green, but the road surface was still dry and practical.
"My children like to step on the stagnant water in the potholes in rainy days." Shen Xiaofeng, a resident of the community, said that in the past, the road surface was slippery and there was water accumulation in rainy days. Later, with the renovation of the sponge project, even if it rained heavily, it was difficult to accumulate water in the community. Children no longer tread on water, but they can run and play more freely, which is a lot more fun.
On the badminton court on the other side of the Rain Garden, as soon as the rain stopped, people came one after another with rackets, and Mao Yong, a resident of the community, was one of them. The playground is paved with permeable pavement, which can be used as soon as it rains. "Now you don’t have to wait for the sun to come out, and the utilization rate of the venue has increased." Mao Yong said.
Arkwu, the designer of the residential sponge project, introduced that the function of sponge facilities was fully integrated with the landscape environment during the renovation. Rainwater gardens and permeable pavements were distributed in the residential area. Rainwater would not flow directly from the trail to the canal in rainy days, but first entered the rainwater garden or permeable pavements. Stay and permeate; Excess rainwater can flow into municipal pipe network or storage tank to realize natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification. While water resources are effectively utilized, the heat island effect is also alleviated.
"Sponge project can not only effectively reduce ground water accumulation and improve the sense of living experience, but also reduce pollutants flowing into water bodies and improve urban water quality." Arkwu said.
"Sponge facilities make urban construction not only’ face’ but also’ resilience’. Cities can be like sponges and have good’ elasticity’ in adapting to environmental changes and responding to natural disasters. " Zou Xiaochun, director of the Human Settlements Department of Chongqing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that in recent years, Chongqing has promoted all districts and counties to build 34 typical drainage zones and 122 typical source emission reduction projects according to local conditions, forming a differentiated sponge technology route suitable for mountainous areas, deep canyons, hills and flat dams. Up to now, there are 466 drainage sub-zones in Chongqing, accounting for 40% of the urban built-up area.
Intelligent early warning and timely arrival
On August 29th, 2021, a dangerous rock collapse occurred in Group 1, Guanmiao Community, Guanmian Township, Kaizhou District, Chongqing. Through early warning, 37 threatened families and 93 people were evacuated in advance, causing no casualties.
At 10 o’clock on August 30, 2022, the monitoring of Heping Village, Wenquan Town, Kaizhou District found signs of landslide, and the judgment was quickly released through the intelligent early warning information release platform, and the early warning plan was automatically generated at 10: 30. The local government immediately demarcated the danger zone, quickly organized emergency control and evacuation of residents, and the slope slipped as a whole at 12: 30.
There were no casualties in the two natural disasters, thanks to the effective local intelligent early warning management mechanism.
"In 2021, we comprehensively upgraded the intelligent early warning information publishing platform by comprehensively sorting out the early warning responsible persons and affected people in disaster-related fields and potential risks." Lishui, deputy director of the Kaizhou District Emergency Management Bureau, said that once the disaster trigger threshold is reached, the platform will automatically match the instruction measures and release targets, and the early warning information will be pushed synchronously and accurately through radio, television, big screen and online applications covering the whole region.
In the face of natural disasters, early warning and prevention in advance are effective means to reduce disaster losses. According to reports, in 2023, Kaizhou District accurately released more than 15,000 kinds of early warning information and received more than 1.3 million people. Through the "emergency horn" for early warning and hedging, 18 important early warning messages were issued, and a total of 66,000 people were called.
Wisdom disaster prevention helps decision-making
Hechuan District, Chongqing, which is located at the intersection of Jialing River, Fujiang River and Qujiang River, has a large water area and an average annual transit water volume, and the situation of natural disasters such as floods and ground disasters is complicated.
Where is the flooded area? Where should I evacuate in case of flood? Which transfer route is the safest? In order to answer these people’s most concerned questions, the Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention Center of Hechuan District, through on-the-spot investigation, consulted hydrological data, and according to the topography and geomorphology map of Hechuan, carefully produced a digital flood 3D simulation model for one year, including flood risk maps of three offices in the main city and nine key towns along the Yangtze River, as well as flood operation maps of the main city.
"This model can dynamically simulate the flooded area where the flood level rises from 0 meters to 200 meters, with an accuracy of less than 1 meter; It can accurately measure the shelters under different water levels, the number of people who need to be transferred, and clearly transfer information such as responsible persons and community contacts. " Wu Zuhua, a staff member of Luoyang Creek Community in Heyangcheng Street, introduced.
Liu Lei, director of the Emergency Command Center of Hechuan District, introduced that on the basis of the "digital emergency" platform, Hechuan District has developed the application of "transfer to avoid risks" and the "emergency knowledgeable person" applet, and constructed multi-span scenarios such as investigation, incident perception, call response feedback, transfer monitoring, resettlement management, and power coordination, so as to conduct closed-loop control over the whole process of the transfer event.
Nowadays, in Chongqing, all the indicators of digital urban signs, such as water, electricity, bridges, tunnels, tracks and pipe networks, have been connected to the Chongqing Digital Urban Operation and Governance Center, which, like the intelligent hub of the city, intelligently perceives the urban operation risks, assists the decision-making of urban management subjects in a digital way, and the multi-level governance subjects of cities, districts, counties, towns and streets are linked in time, striving to achieve the goal of "resilient governance" of the city and constantly promoting the modernization of governance system and governance capacity.
People’s Daily (April 26, 2024, 07 edition)